第16章 春秋数学家
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87_87010在射术方面,王孙期在观看无恤射过几壶箭,箭箭命中靶心后,就面不改色地表示自己技不如人,请君子自学。
他又语重心长地教训说:“然而箭术不代表箭道,心正则箭正,君子之心,周道如砥,其直如矢。”
虽然听不太懂但是看上去很厉害的样子,赵无恤只得唯唯应是。
……
书、数的老师是下宫的首席计吏,名为计侨。“计”是他们家族历代相传的职位,慢慢地就变成了氏名,计吏具体负责核计各类帐目,后来被称作主薄,相当于财务会计。
赵无恤记得这时代还有一位继承了管仲之学的经济学家计然,现在应该还没有被刚继位的越王勾践所用吧,也不知道他身在何处。
此外,计侨一手晋国篆字也写得相当漂亮,不过很多字赵无恤都认不出来,篆书的笔画可比尚未产生的隶书繁杂多了。
而且,赵无恤又发现了一件事情,此时毛笔已经广泛运用,所以说,什么毛笔是秦国蒙恬拔狼毛兔毛发明的,纯属后世脑补。
这天,计侨检阅无恤在竹片和简牍上写下的篆字后,留有短须的脸颊顿时微微抽搐。
因为实在是太惨不忍睹了!一坨一坨的是什么鬼?这也怪无恤前世时父母花钱逼他去的书法课全逃掉了,所以几乎属于零基础上阵,而且写出来的字还经常混入些奇怪的东西……比如后世的简体汉字。
于是无恤便被计侨天天盯着练晋篆,抄《诗》和《尚书》。在竹简上写字可不容易,时不时就得用铜削刮掉重写,效率慢得惊人,这痛苦的经历也促使他考虑,是不是要找机会发明纸张?
而且有了纸,至少如厕时能摆脱那恐怖的厕筹啊,有的厕筹还是公用的……这坑爹的古代生活。
练习书法时,无恤被计侨虐得跟前世罚抄语文课本的小学狗似的,但到了学习计量算数时,情形就反了过来,他终于可以扬眉吐气了!
“先生,不是小子懒惰,而是这算筹之术太慢太麻烦,用处不大啊。”
计侨就是算筹之术出众,年纪轻轻便在赵氏之宫里小有名气,赵无恤一张口就说不乐意学,他当然不高兴了。
“数科乃君子六艺之一,安身立命的不二法宝,日后小君子到了封邑,若是连税赋、上计都算不清楚,难保不会被皂隶和大族蒙蔽。就算是在军中为旅帅,不通算学,便不会测山坡高度,不会量河流深浅,不懂统筹辎重粟米,不擅调度师旅人数啊!”
这位春秋数学家简直是痛心疾首。
这时代不比后世,数学有很重要的地位,并不是旁门左道,否则也不会被列为君子六艺之一,士人想要做家臣,首先得算术过关。
先秦两汉的数科主要分为:方田、粟米、衰分、少广、商功、均输、盈不足、方程、勾股九种,其中许多都实用性极强。但计侨对形而上学的纯算学也很感兴趣,甚至还成了算痴,精研算学竟至入迷,经常会出现不吃不喝钻研难题的情况。
“先生,小子知道数科很重要,人立于世,行动坐卧饮食衣寐实在是处处离不开这门学问,甚至,比那些俗礼有用多了,可这算筹就……”
赵无恤看着那些密密麻麻摆了一桌案的算筹,密集恐惧症顿时发作,有些发晕……
算筹实际上是一根根同样长短和粗细的小棍子,多用竹子制成,也有用木头、兽骨、象牙、金属等材料制成的。大约二百七十几枚为一束,放在一个布袋里,系在计侨的腰部随身携带。需要记数和计算的时候,就把它们取出来,放在桌上或地上摆弄。
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