第三百二十章 宰人的艺术
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“不嫌不嫌,赶快算账吧!”
范荣庆真是等不及了,立刻清点了银元,那边把牛也准备好,枯瘦的中年人作为牙人,很快办事,特意叫了几个年轻人,帮着范荣庆一起赶牛。
“这,这都是我的了?”
范荣庆狠狠掐了一下大腿,真疼!
他就仿佛是脚下踩了棉花一样,都不知道迈哪条腿了。整个人就仿佛在半悬空中飘着,他可是连续吃惊,第一惊是朝廷竟然给兑换了工分,第二惊是银元九折兑换,竟然多给了他三十块,第三惊则是蒙古人居然收了银元,更没有折价!
以往朝廷收粮食,收银子,都是死命要火耗,什么时候让老百姓占过便宜!怎么这一次转性了,是不是吃错药了,还是真正遇上青天大老爷了……
范荣庆抱着脑袋,苦苦思索了一个时辰,还是没有结果。不过他想到了另一件更重要的事情,那就是赶快把剩下的银元花掉。
“石柱,好好看着牛,我去买农具了!”范荣庆撒丫子就跑,生怕晚了……
范荣庆不知道,他急吼吼的动作,正好落到了一个人的算计当中,那就是咱们的少保大人张恪!
似乎朱家皇帝都有个拗劲,天启对于废两改元有着异乎寻常的热情,可是满朝上下,几乎没人支持。
这时候张恪恰逢其时,上了一道奏折,请求在辽东和大宁都司暂行。
所谓大宁都司就是刚刚光复的千里草原,不出预料,张峰出任大宁都司都督,营州总兵,加太子太保衔,成为了一品武将。
当然张峰只是负责打仗,其他的全都要听张恪的。
经过一番周密的筹划,废两改元的行动正式开始,张恪虽然不是研究金融的,但是好歹有着远超时代的眼光,布局起来,从容不迫。
首先货币的基础是信用,张恪郑重宣布银元和银子等同,一两银子一银元,再征收税款的时候,以银元计价。
有了税收保证,银元的价值就有了保证。
这还不够,因为一个货币最重要的是要在市面上不停的流通起来,而不是被藏在地窖,钱库里长毛。
在货币市场上有个规律,叫做劣币驱逐良币。后世几乎所有人都有这样的经历,同样面值的纸币,一张新的,一张旧的,旧的往往会被先花出去。而得到旧币的人,也会如此,这样一来,市面上旧币越来越多,成了流通的主要货币。
其实旧币就相当于劣币,而新币就是良币。
银元有三成铜,显然比较起来,就是劣币,必须要大肆流通,把银子赶出去才行。
张恪投放的第一批银元选择了普通百姓,以兑换徭役工分的形式发放出去。这些百姓几乎一无所有,拿到银元之后,会立刻花出去。
而且为了避免有百姓攒钱成痴,张恪特意安排了九折兑换。让老百姓真正意识到花银元是占了便宜。就好像超市的打折促销一样,拿到了银元的百姓一定会迫不及待地把银元花出去,多留一刻他们都不安心。
拿到了这些银元的商人也知道银元不及银子,同样会花出去,不管是采购原料,还是上缴税金,如此一来,银元就会在市面上快速流通起来,废两改元的第一步就成功了。
张恪得意洋洋,把其中的奥妙向邓文通解释道。
“原来如此!”邓文通伸出大拇指,赞叹道:“二弟果然是玲珑的心机,佩服,佩服!倘若是先把银元投放给世家大族,他们或许看到银元精美,就收藏起来,如此越藏越多,银元就没法驱逐银子了。”
“姐夫说的没错。”张恪笑着喝了一口茶。
邓文通随即眉头又皱了起来,忍不住问道:“二弟,既然银元是劣币,那为何鞑子会喜欢呢?据我所知,鞑子卖牛羊马匹,可都争着抢着要银元,难道他们不知道吗?”
“知道,当然知道,不过还有另外一个规律,他们不知道。”
“是什么?”
“良币同样驱逐劣币!”
张恪嘴角挂着得意的笑容,在后世,同样存在良币驱逐劣币的规律,就比如在后世的国际市场上,投资者往往会选择美元规避风险,原因就是美元足够坚挺,背后支撑的国力强悍,美元就成为良币,大行其道。
在设计废两改元的时候,对内用劣币驱逐良币,对外就用上了良币驱逐劣币。
张恪规定,凡是前来贸易的蒙古商人,必须缴纳一成税金,而且只收银元,若是缴纳白银,则需要支付火耗!
没错,就是火耗,老子把白银变成精美的银元,一样要花费功夫,必须给老子交钱。明明铸造银元是大赚特赚的,还要多要钱,就是这么任性!就是这么嚣张!
蒙古人当然也可以不答应,但是就别想来大明做生意了,什么茶叶,丝绸,瓷器,呢绒,都别想要了。蒙古人有别的选择吗,他们只能乖乖接受银元,接受张恪的剥削,这就是货币霸权的厉害!
而且张恪还颁布了一个更缺德的规定,一年之内,蒙古人拿着白银兑换银元不收费用,日后兑换要加百分之五的税。
邓文通听张恪说到这里,眼珠子都差点掉下来了。
“二弟,你也太狠了吧,赶快和我说实话,鞑子是不是乖乖捧着银子上门?”
...
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