第四十八章 书接上文
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书接上文，先不题刘晨在冰冻之中，毫无知觉。也不题孙悟空在五行山下，有土地山神监押，饥餐铁丸，渴饮铜汁。
上回书说到那南瞻部洲，刘备得到张世平、苏双的支持，结交到了关羽张飞。
当时正值南瞻部洲东汉末年，政局不稳，外戚专政，宦官专权，对西羌战争持续数十年，花费巨大，徭役兵役繁重。土地兼并现象严重，民不聊生。
有人说这乱世之由乃是始于汉桓、灵二帝。汉桓帝禁锢善类，崇信宦官。汉桓帝驾崩之后，汉灵帝即位，大将军窦武、太傅陈蕃辅佐。当时时有宦官曹节等弄权，窦武、陈蕃皆为忠臣，想要诛杀了曹节，可惜消息泄漏，反被那曹杰所害，自此，宦官是如日中天，最后导致汉朝凋亡。
其实不然，祸根并不是桓、灵二帝，祸根很久没有出现圣明之主，皇帝思想保守，循规蹈矩，但是社会需要进步，新事物必将代替旧事物，只要长时间不进行改正革新，必然会滋生各种问题，问题越积越多，最终爆发。所以桓、灵二帝只是导火索，并不是深层的原因。
有人说天下大势分久必合合久必分，其实不然，只要能不断推陈出新，能让社会不断进步，就能一直发展下去。
当然，改革并不是一件简单是事情，稍一不慎就是万丈深渊，举个例子，三四百年之后，有一个皇帝——隋炀帝杨广。杨广天资聪慧，少年时就英明神武，屡立战功，登基为帝之后，更是想要有一番作为。他亲征吐谷浑，三征高句丽，开疆扩土，威震蛮夷。杨广想要做千古一帝，这些自然不够，于是他开凿大运河，创立科举制。历史上影响最深远的，不是秦始皇为汉朝建造的长城直道也不是隋炀帝为唐朝开凿的大运河，而是隋炀帝开创的科举制度。
隋炀帝频繁的发动战争滥用民力，这些在他英明神武之下，都不是问题，可是科举制的影响太大了，隋炀帝也掌控不了。科举制之前，想要当官，只能是已经当官的人举荐，寒门平民想要当官，想要有作为，必须投靠那些有钱有势的世家，可是有了科举制，有才之人都有可能发挥才能，那些世家子弟便难以滥竽充数。隋炀帝的科举制，一下子把所有世家都得罪了，加上开凿大运河等把平民也得罪了，全天下都是隋炀帝的敌人，隋炀帝再厉害也斗不过全天下的人啊！随着天下大乱，世家没有抵御的了科举制，于是把火全撒在被手下叛乱杀死的隋炀帝身上，隋炀帝也因此背上了千古骂名，一千五百年后才渐渐好转！
（本来想过几天三国写完之后写隋唐的时候写隋炀帝的，忍不住现在就写了！）
（三国隋唐都很短，西游才是主戏！）
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