第三百七十六章 钱粮赋税
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夏元吉祖籍江西德兴，其父亲夏时敏任湘阴教谕时，全家迁居湖南归义。十三岁时夏时敏去世，孤儿寡母生活异常艰难，据说夏元吉一边刻苦读书，一边教蒙学以贴补家用，获得了良好声望。
洪武朝清廉有为的官员很多，夏元吉就是其中一位，对于这位生活简朴，廉洁自守的官员，徐灏向来非常敬重，不过他素来不喜和官场打交道，因此往日没什么交情。
徐灏笑道：“正在给祖宗准备三牲祭品，所谓老饕老饕，无福醉饱。”
夏元吉转过身来，深施一礼拱手笑道：“龙生九子，善号曰饕，善食曰餮。你这个典，可是用俗了。”
“俗也是礼，礼多神不怪嘛！”徐灏又说道：“夏大人深夜来访，有何事直说无妨，和徐某间无需客套。”
夏元吉欣然道：“近日收到江南举子建言，言江南浙西水患严重，求请朝廷予以治理。这天下财赋半在江南，天下之水半归吴郡浙西及苏淞诸郡，疏通吴淞江功在社稷，因此夏某想上书御前，请旨亲自前往治理，冒昧前来还望大人莫怪。”
徐灏惊讶的道：“此种事我绝不会反对，何况此乃户部分内之事，焉能横加阻止？莫非朝中有人反对？”
夏元吉笑道：“那倒没有，疏通河流兴修水利非一日之功，或许得召集十数万百姓，想如今江南赋税持续减免，国库空虚，请问大人来年是否要动刀兵？”
“原来如此。”徐灏恍然，如今大赏靖难功臣。大封亲藩，营造皇陵，增置卫所，各大船厂日以继夜的建造海船，耗费何止千万计？全靠着夏元吉精打细算多方筹措，方使得国用不绌。
经过四年的战乱，现在又是灾害频发的时期，别说徐灏没什么开疆扩土的野心，就算有那也得先休养生息个几年。
徐灏正色道：“大人放心，除了边境小规模的对外反击作战。五军都督府绝不会大规模调动军队北伐。至于陛下那里就不好说了，大抵群臣一致反对的话，圣上应该不会坚持已见。”
“那夏某就放心了。”夏元吉很是满意，他很担心年纪轻轻的君臣二人一心建功立业。为此不惜大动干戈的或北伐或南下。是以今夜前来想好生劝劝徐灏。上一堂经济民生课。
徐灏对夏元吉这个户部大管家很感兴趣，请对方坐下用茶，问道：“请问大人对户部聚财用财有何见解？”
夏元吉说道：“昨日曾上书朝廷。下官认为当务之急是裁冗食，平赋役，严盐法，钱钞之禁，清仓场，广屯种，以给边苏民，且便商贾。”
听到最后一句的便商贾，徐灏顿时眼睛一亮，问道：“不知对禁海有何见解？听闻福建官员如实奏报，临海百姓私载海船交通外国，因而为冦。朝中有大臣认为应继续禁止民间海船下海，对原有海船全部改为平头船，所在地方严加巡查，防其出入。”
夏元吉不赞同的道：“私通外国理应查处，不过下官认为全面禁海非是良策，靠山吃山，靠海吃海，寸板不得入海，无疑要断了万千海民的生路。福建多山少田，长此以往百姓生计堪忧，应适当放宽海禁，允许民出海捕鱼。大凡堵不如疏，自古福建泉州等地就有出海经商的传统，眼下朝廷恢复了市舶司，应规劝商贾通过港口照章纳税，另外命水师严查海洋走私。”
徐灏心中惊喜，夏元吉果然不是迂腐不懂变通之人，叹道：“先帝励精图治二十多年，安置流民平衡南北，宽免赋役，对没有土地的赤贫者优免三年，使得民力自苏得以安居。我至今还记得洪武二十六年户部上奏，各地垦田面积大概八百五十五万余顷，粮食储备三千二百七十八万九千八百石，钞四百一十二万四千余锭。当时堪称宇内富庶，赋人盈羡，米粟自输京师数百万外，府县仓察蓄积甚丰，至红腐不可食的繁荣景象，那今日呢？”
夏元吉震惊于徐灏竟然对往年之事如数家珍，衷心说道：“大人果然心系于国，不瞒你说，时至今日田亩不是增加而是大为减少了，粮储锐减不足八百万石，钞不足百万锭矣。”
徐灏默然道：“靖难四载，对百姓民生的破坏之大无可想象，是以如今必须采取与民休养生息之策，劝百姓回归田亩，招抚各地流民反乡复业，宁可朝廷节衣缩食过日子，也得千方百计让各地流民安稳下来，绝不能派兵镇压倒行逆施，而是要张榜安民，以劝说为主。”
夏元吉欣慰道：“这得多谢大人辅佐陛下厚待百姓，屡次下旨赈济钱粮，如今各地流民复业已达数十万户。”
徐灏却摇头道：“做的还不够，自陛下七月初一登基之日以前全国拖欠一应钱粮、盐课、布帛、木植、芦柴等项及军民养马牲畜等项，倒死并欠孽生者，所有积欠钱粮赋税应一律免去；山东、北平、河南州府县有被兵不能耕种者，免除三年差税；不曾被兵者，与直隶、凤阳、淮安、徐州、滁州、扬州今年秋夏税粮尽行免去；其余直隶府州，山西、陕西、浙江、福建、江西、两广、四川、云南俱都减免一半。
山东河南北平等地流移百姓各还原籍复业，合用种子、牛具官府为给付，缺少耕牛各地官府要以官牛给之。每个郡县都有其实际难处，这方面还得劳烦夏大人督促户部官员，根据地方的奏疏分别加以处理。”
夏元吉都听呆了，诚然这都是眼下迫切需要做的，但出自徐灏之口未免有些过了吧？
突然有人笑道：“徐灏之言即是朕意，明日一早朕就下旨。”
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