第三十八章 太学论儒
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太学中，刘备高立于台上，台下诸人密集，皆是太学生中颇有令名之辈。更多小说ltxsba.com<ABC小说网－无弹窗abcxs.》台上，刘备声音清亮，挥洒自如：“承诸位之盛情，刘某不才，便在此与诸位兄台分享吾受学以来之心得。
刘备鲁钝，自问经学入门尚浅，比不得在场诸位贤达。今天，刘备便不与大家谈经，想与大家聊一聊我们的儒学……”
今年，天下越发的不太平，正月里，交州乱成一团粥。合浦、交耻乌浒蛮反，引九真、日南两郡民众攻没郡县。二月又有日食，连罢太尉和司徒。没过多久，又地震了。还好死伤不算多。皇帝一见不好，立马大赦天下，把熹平的年号又改为光和。
改年号也没用，四月接着又地震，皇帝又换太尉。然后就不管了，见太学生议论纷纷，心中有气。便于鸿都门内置学，敕州、郡、三公等举召能为尺牍辞赋及工书鸟篆者相课试，有千余人至。这些人都是些无行趣势之徒，??陈方俗闾里之事，以此媚上。皇帝偏偏喜欢这些零狗碎的八卦，于是甚悦之，还一个个的封官，甚至封侯爵者。当时士林一片哗然，皆耻与此等小人同列。
刘备入了太学，倒如鱼入水。这里都是同辈之人，往日里相处也甚相洽。只是一不好，就是愤青特别多。刘备不排斥愤青。因为愤青都是爱国者，大多都是爱之深，所以恨之切。他以前也是一个愤青。但他不喜欢那种只知消极反对，言辞尖锐的去批评一切而不知努力乐观，去积聚力量的完全没有一理性的人。同理，他也不喜欢太学生里那些整天喊口号，骂大臣、骂阉宦然后什么事都不去努力的人。每天都只知高谈阔论，这里不对，那里不好。但又提不出什么建议性的好意见。
太学里面的“座谈会”特别多，几乎每天都有。刘备也喜欢去参加，他就带着耳朵去，希望有些意见能对他有所启发。可惜次数多了，他却越发失望了。这些热血青年们，每天无非就是要诛阉宦，开党禁，罢小人，纳贤臣等口号翻来覆去的喊来喊去。等问及如何去实行，不是束手无策，就是推到朝中三公九卿身上，说是他们的责任。
刘备很无语。于是也按耐不住，加入讨论之中。他这一加进来，便显得让注目了。他论据严谨，雄辨过人，在很多次会议上把诸多人驳得哑口无言，这时候的学生们，还是很崇拜有能力的人的。文人相轻的臭毛病有，但没有后来那么严重。加之刘备又是能格物能飞天的奇人，于是他一时之间，声名大震。
这不，太学诸子中的几个头领，便邀了刘备来主持一场专门的“座谈会”。刘备刚开始不干，他不是没经验，以前在大学里主持晚会辩论会不说，在东莱的时候也干过这活。但他实在不想和众人去谈经学、谈政治。他觉得毫无意义。但推了几次，实在推不过，便精心准备了今天的话题。
“什么是儒呢？哪位可以告诉我？“
太学诸子开始沉吟不语，刘备问这个问题，意义何在？儒是什么？我们不都是儒吗？但刘备应该不会问这么简直的问题吧？那到底什么是儒？众人开始深思起来。
这时周君吉便站了起来，向刘备拱手，道：”玄德，吾以为，祖述尧舜，宪章文武，宗师仲尼者为儒！“
众人低头接耳一会，纷纷头称是，觉得这就是儒。因为这是班固在《汉书》艺文志中说的：儒家者流，盖出于司徒之官，助人君顺阴阳明教化者也。游文于六经之中，留意于仁义之际，祖述尧舜，宪章文武，宗师仲尼，以重其言，于道为最高。
这应该是儒的最佳解释了。但是刘备缓缓摇了摇头，道：”班孟坚此言，只得其一也！“
众人哗然，什么，班固说得这么精准了，还只得其一，没说完？不会吧？切看你如何解释。此时众人皆屏息凝神，静听刘备高论。
刘备侃侃而言：”许叔重曰：儒，柔也，术士之称。此也只得其一也。“好嘛，《说文解字》里的解释，也只是其一了。大家继续听。
”何者为儒？吾意以为有三：《说文》曰儒者术士也，太史公《儒林别传》亦云：秦之季世坑术士，而世谓之坑儒；司马相如言：列仙之儒，居山泽间，形容甚?；赵太子悝亦语庄子曰：夫子必儒服而见王，事必大逆……
儒者，人之需也。道、墨、名、法、阴阳、小说、诗赋、经方
、本草、蓍龟、形法，此皆术士，亦为人之所需也，何遽不言儒？此为术士之儒也。
又曰儒者，知礼乐射御书数。《天官》曰：儒以道得民。说曰：儒，诸侯保氏有六艺以教民者。《地官》曰：联师儒。说曰：师儒，乡里教以道艺者。此则躬备德行为师，效其材艺为儒。
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