第一百三十五章 考虑全面
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于是张绣先在雍凉军团中试行新的军功制度，在淮南，针对袁术当政时期官僚的严重贪腐实施了崭新的廉政政策。龙腾小说ltxsba.com???笔?趣阁ｗ?ｗ?ｗ?．?ｂ?ｉ?ｑ?
还是先说军功制度吧。士卒上阵杀敌建功，然后被奖励提拔。这是自人类产生战争以来就存在的一种激励士卒奋勇作战的手段，一直以来也是最重要最基本的激励杀敌手段。
但是在中国漫长的战争史上，军功制从氏族社会部落战争中产生，在夏商周王朝兴替中展，到了春秋战国的秦国手上，才正式成文。在那场堪称古代最著名的变法中，军功制度正式成文。秦国在商君手上建立起了以军功爵制度和鼓励耕种为核心的耕战体系！
如果说是因为鼓励耕织使得秦国国力强盛到匹敌六国，那么军功爵制可以说是秦队战斗力碾压六雄的绝对保证。
暂且先不论鼓励耕织。就说这军功爵制度，却是在中国战争史上具有划时代的意义！
因为以往的赏赐军功，都是建立在主官的主观性上的，具有相当大的随意性。
简单来说，就是士卒杀敌立功了，但是他不一定能够获得赏赐。或者说获得赏赐了，但是赏赐的多少却是不确定的。如果主官心情好、性格不吝啬、考虑周密，那么底层作战的将士获得的赏赐多。但是如果主官心情不好，生性小气不拔毛，考虑欠缺一些，那很可能你杀敌了却仍旧喝和往常一样的稀饭米粥。
这就叫做主观性。
每一个人都有自己的主观性，而且每一个人的主观性不是恒定不变的，经常受到各种因素的影响。所以依靠主官的主观性来负责赏赐军功，实在是具有相当大的随意性不确定性。
商鞅的军功爵制度就是为了解决这个问题而提出来的。只有将杀敌建功获得的赏赐用客观的明文条例来规定出来，才能做到公平公正公开！
这个制度就是告诉了所有秦兵，你只要去打仗，杀敌了就一定有赏赐。不论军事主官打完仗对你们赏赐不赏赐，拿着你杀了的敌兵的耳朵，找国家就能兑现对额的丰厚赏赐！
毫无疑问，军功爵制是相当客观公正的，那么能够最大限度激励起秦兵的好战和战斗力也就不足为奇了。
事实上比商鞅更早实行军功爵制的是魏国，甚至楚国吴起变法也早秦国实行了军功爵制。但是商鞅是后来者居上，不仅建立起了最完善最健备的军功爵制度，而且最重要的是将重农政策与军功爵制相辅相成建成了耕战体系。
对比一下就知道有着重农政策做基础的秦功爵制多么厉害了。魏国依靠军功爵制成为战国初期最强的国家，楚国依靠军功爵制将疆域版图扩充到了七雄第一。但是他们都没有与之相匹配的全局性的政治经济改革。而有着全局性政治经济改革的秦国呢，实行军功爵制之后就扫灭了六国！
事实证明，战功赏赐是必须的。但是先得你这个国家得有赏赐用的钱粮。很显然，魏国李悝和楚国吴起都没有商鞅那么全面的变法，没有帮助自己国家建立起达的封建经济政治体系。而秦国呢，有着雄厚的经济基础作为后盾，有着健全先进的政治官僚制度做保障，自然是将军功爵制的威力挥到了极致。
直白点说，军功爵制其实制定和操作起来都很简单，但是你如果没有钱粮土地作为支撑，没有令行禁止的政治制度和政府保驾护航，说得再好都是浮云。
这就是为什么张绣只先在雍凉军内实行军功爵制度的主要原因。实在是因为淮南的经济还处在恢复阶段，依靠河北的百万斛陈粮，也只能保自己吃饭，不能保军功爵制长久施行。
当然还有另外一个因素，那就是规范雍凉军的军风。
实际一点来说，董卓时代西凉军是实行了“军功制度”的。那时候对于西凉兵军功的赏赐，就是纵容其烧杀淫掠！
没错，你没看错！这就是董卓版的特殊军功赏赐制度！每一战之后，董卓都会纵容兵马掳掠四方，其实从根本来说正是出于对军功赏赐的考虑！
其实每一个诸侯都会考虑军功赏赐的问题，毕竟这直接关乎军队将士的忠诚度问题。只是董卓本人为人暴虐狼戾，最后选择“赏赐”的方式不同而已。并且从西凉兵的表现来看，似乎还很成功！
只是到了张绣这儿，自然不能再将这些残暴不仁的恶行恶性循环下去了。施暴者，终必为暴所亡！这句话，是张绣最经常对部下西凉阀将领说的。
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