第二五一章 梅花香自苦寒来
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第一场交卷之后，试卷被收卷官集中起来，从号舍沿着甬道往北，送到明远楼后的一个独立的院落中，这里是阅卷场所的外帘部分。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com其核心建筑是威严的至公堂，负责考场纪律的外帘官在此地坐镇，监督着试卷的前期处理工作。
在监临官的主事下，试卷先被送到至公堂东侧的收卷所，在其中整理码放，清点数目，并进行初步的剔选……但凡破损、污渍的试卷都会直接被拿出来，送回至公堂中，由监临官审核之后，蓝笔录。其余合格试卷则用印记，再命人转送左侧的弥封所，由其将试卷上的考生信息，用厚纸严密糊住……在录取榜单公布之前，任何人都不得私自拆看。
完成之后交给规模最大的誊录所，由其中百多位善书文吏，把考生的试卷用朱笔誊写出来，如果考生的卷子出现错别字，这些书吏必须照写，并在页顶标注出来。
录完毕，还要交给隔壁的对读所，由负责对读的书吏，检查誊录的‘朱卷’与考生亲笔的‘墨卷’是否一致，标注是否正确。检查无误后送至紧挨着至公堂的掌卷所，由其中的书吏将朱卷与墨卷统一编号后，送回至公堂中。
监临官留下墨卷封存，再根据内帘同考官的人数，将朱卷分为相应的捆，本次乡试是八位同考官，便分为八捆，并在上面写上‘第一束’、‘第二束’，直到‘第八束’，用印记之后，亲自送入内帘之中。
监临官从外帘门出来，径直往北走，在一道飞虹桥前停住，对面的内帘早得到通知，主考官会同内监临来到桥的另一端，双方并不上桥，只是由一队军士，将试卷送过去，又对面的军士接过来。
双方互施一礼便各自回去了，自始至终没有说一句话。
这当然不是双方没有礼貌，而是为了防止承担不同任务的考务人员勾结舞弊，前后帘之间是严禁相互接触的。负责阅卷的后帘院，更是绝对独立于整个贡院，除了接卷，不准任何人进出。
后帘院地中心建筑是衡鉴堂，与至公堂、明远楼、大门、龙门在一条中轴线上，乃是主考官和同考官分房阅卷的场所。除了阅卷录取之外，后帘还有个很重要的作用，便是在每场考试前一天，由主考官命题，并在其中的刻字房和印刷房中刻印出来，在翌日一早送交外帘。/./
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当试卷送入内帘之后。主考官阮便对八位同考官道：“诸位。掣签吧。”几位同考官便上前抽签。抽到几就把那一捆卷子拿走。
但不能带会房间去。必须要在鉴衡堂中阅卷。主副考官坐在堂上。八位同考官分坐左右。负责监视阅卷地内监临。带着一干监视官。坐在众考官地边上。瞪大眼睛监视考官地阅卷过程。
在监视官地虎视眈眈下。整个鉴衡堂都静悄悄地。因为这些监视官一般由锦衣卫充任。保管把考官盯地毛骨悚然。不敢生出杂念。当然。只要考官不交头接耳。不挤眉弄眼。监视官们是不能出声干扰阅卷地。
同考官们都是进士出身。四十岁以下。年富力强。眼神特别好。他们必须先认真地给每篇文章加注标点。同时看文章是否通顺。如果读起来磕磕绊绊。毫无韵律可言。直接搁到一边。判其死缓。
只有文笔通顺。且错别字不超过三个地卷子。才有资格被同考官看第二遍。在这一遍中。同考官主要从‘理、法、辞、气’四方面来。来评判一篇文章地优劣——‘理’是对经书地掌握和程朱注释地理解。‘法’是八股文地文章结构。‘辞’是考生地文字组织能力和表达能力。‘气’则是文章思想性地浓度。
这四方面的衡量标准是‘清真雅正’，意思是，一篇好的八股文，应该用简洁、典雅、顺畅的语言，来正面阐述所领悟到的孔孟之道、程朱之学。
同考官便根据这一标准，判别考生文章的优劣，并给每份卷子写评语，陈述是否荐卷地理由，无论取与不取，他都要为自己的决定负责地。
同考官们将自认为够资格高举的卷子，写明推荐理由，交给边上地书吏，由其转呈给上的主副考官，如果有特别出色地，还会‘高荐’，也就是强烈推荐。
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