2796 黄金的魔力2
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英国逼迫自己进行工业革命，用生产效率来提高自己商品的国际竞争力，说到底还是要用这种倾销贸易来换取别国的金银。网址找回邮件：ltxsba@gmail.com
西班牙和葡萄牙为什么最后没落了？说到底就是光知道玩金融了，不知道搞实业，国家经济空心化严重。
甚至他们也不是搞金融，从南美洲抢来的黄金，大部分都进入王室贵族们的腰包了，换来的只是他们的穷奢极欲！
民众并没有从中得到丁点的好处，而相反的则是民间的产业被英国的工业品冲的七零八落。
西班牙和葡萄牙最终就这么没落了！
英国通过持续不断的贸易逆差逐渐攒够了家底，这才开始发展海军，而早期的海军也不过就是靠着私掠舰撑场面。
说来英国佬也挺流氓的，一边是用工业品倾销赚你的黄金，而另一方面则是养海盗直接在公海上去抢你丫的！
一文一武，两手都挺硬的！
就是在这样的实力此消彼长之下，才有了最后英西大海战和特拉法尔加海战的辉煌胜利，最终英国成为了海洋的霸主。
之后就是英国殖民全世界的大戏了，日不落帝国开始向全世界吸金，工业革命带来的巨大生产力，最终变成了殖民地的一次次商品倾销。
廉价的工业品，换走了全世界的金银，英国一下子就成了国际黄金储备最多的国家，没有之一！
按理说故事到这里也应该告一段落了，但是英国人还是很聪明的，那些资本大鳄们和精英阶层开始联合起来思考黄金的问题。
用金银铸造实体货币真的好吗？
要知道人类几千年的金银货币都是实体化的，你必须用真金白银去铸造或者冲压，亲自给民众一块块金银钱币，这才能称之为货币的！
商品贸易中，归根结底还是真金白银在流动，今天这一枚金币流到法国，明天或许就到了比利时。
黄金是没有国界的，甭管你铸造成什么样的花样，他都会跟着商品流动的脚步不停的变换国家。
这不好，这非常不好！居安思危的英国人，知道未来恐怕会有其他的国家奋起直追的，一旦英国的商品竞争力弱了怎么办？
一旦国际市场上，其他国家的商品占上风了怎么办？到时候贸易中，是不是英国的黄金就得大量外流呢？
不是不可能啊，别忘了乾隆年间英国和大清的巨大贸易逆差吧！那可是让整个英国朝野都坐立不安的巨大窟窿。
正是基于这样的思考，英国开始用法律规定金本位！
有人说了，其他国家都是用黄金来当货币的啊！不已经是金本位了吗，英国干嘛要多此一举呢？
其实这是不一样的，其他国家的金本位只不过是因循守旧的利用黄金铸造货币而已！
而英国的金本位，则是用法律形式来确定英镑和黄金的锁定，这还是牛顿爵士想出的办法！
一英镑法律规定可以兑换732238克的黄金！这就保证了英镑纸币的国际信用！
从那一刻开始，英国国库内的实体黄金就只进不出了，实体黄金开始逐渐流入，流出的则是一张张的纸币。
虽然按道理来说，其他国家的英镑纸币持有人也可以去英格兰银行兑换黄金，但是现实中却很少有人这么做。
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