3698 宫禁制度
最新网址：m.ltxsdz.com
紫禁城的守备制度非常复杂，复杂到一般的京师旗人都有点晕头转向！
皇宫大内那些保护安全的人员，大体上可以分成朗卫和兵卫两种，朗卫就是皇帝身边的侍卫，一般定额在六七百人左右。最新地址ltxsba.fun
这都是从上三旗中挑选出来的武艺高强之人，镶黄、正黄、正白三旗为上三旗，属于爱新觉罗家的嫡系部队！
一般来说，后世人们看到的影视作品中，皇帝平日里居住、办公的宫殿，门口还有长廊花园站岗的一些带刀侍卫，就是朗卫了！
这些侍卫很多都赏有黄马褂，而且最接近皇帝，也很容易被提拔！
乾隆年间的傅恒、福康安、海兰察等等……都曾经做过皇帝身边的带刀侍卫！
这支部队名义上接受景运门旁边的常驻的御前大臣管理，但大部分时间这支部队都是直接听从皇帝的调遣！
就好比同治一朝，御前大臣兼领侍卫内大臣就是景寿！
这景寿何许人也？他就是历史上赫赫有名的顾命八大臣之一啊！
但是景寿是八大臣中最幸运的一个，因为他是咸丰帝的亲姐夫，而且为人老实，跟肃顺他们勾连的并不深！
所以辛酉政变后，他只是暂时被革职，结果三个月之后就被慈禧起复了，认命他为御前大臣兼领侍卫内大臣！
有过这样经历的人，可想而知能擅权吗？所谓对朗卫的指挥权那都是虚的，都是橡皮图章！
紫禁城里除了朗卫剩下的就是兵卫了！
兵卫就是守卫紫禁城各大城门的部队，护军营、前锋营、骁骑营、步军营、健锐营、火器营、神机营……这些人守护着紫禁城的城门，每天开门关门，传送紧急军情等等都归他们来管！
不过这紫禁城的门禁也是分等级的！
最内的靠近后宫的内右门、内左门、顺贞门……等等，还是由朗卫负责安防，伊思哈就是带刀侍卫的身份，所以才能接到守卫启祥门这样的一个肥差！
要知道启祥门可是直接通往后宫的门禁！
除了后宫的门禁之外，其他城门分成两类，一类是内务府包衣护军，这些人都是皇帝的家奴，他们负责隆宗门、景运门、协和门、熙和门还有各大宫殿的主要门户！
什么武英殿、文华殿、奉先殿、皇极殿……包括三大殿的殿门，也都是内务府包衣护军来管理！
最后才是真正紫禁城大宫门的安防力量！
东华门、西华门、神武门、午门、端门、天安门……包括外面的大清门！
这些都是由各营地的总统大臣来负责，而这些总统的臣则统一挂名在御前大臣名下，说白了还是景寿这个闲职来管！
但是景寿虽然名义上是各营总统领的上级，但这各营同时还要接受八旗各旗主的挟制！
这种混乱的制度最根本的目的就是为了防止皇帝之下出现紫禁城的军权统一！
这是非常可怕的事情，如果皇帝强势或者身体健康，那么这个制度就会保证所有人都向皇帝一个人效忠！
但是一旦出现皇帝病、幼或者出京不在等等的特殊情况……这种复杂的管理权就会防止一家独大，从而让紫禁城的兵权处于一个相互制约的平衡状态！
当皇帝不再发号施令的时候，紫禁城的兵权也就集中到了领侍卫内大臣、内务府主管、八旗各大旗主的手中！
他们都有一定的管辖权，但都不能成为绝对优势，相互制约的态势也就出现了！
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