第一百四十六章 府兵制度
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打到后来，两边都不得不大量地征召原来只管种田，不管打仗的汉人入伍，以纯胡人骑兵为主的军队也改成了以汉人步兵为主，胡骑为辅的混合部队，而西魏的柱国军制却保留了下来。
每个上大将军手下设两个开府，各设一个将军统军，而杨坚自己的父亲杨忠，则是西魏开国时的上大将军之一。
现在大隋全国各地的州郡，都会划归到十二卫的某一卫中，在几乎所有的州郡里都设了骠骑将军府和车骑将军府，分别管理这些州郡的马步军。
说到这里，长孙晟笑着指了指自己：“比如我长孙晟，现在就是挂了个朔州车骑将军的虚衔，但我没有到任，只是因为上次要出使突厥，至少要派个五品官员，所以高仆射就给了我这么一个五品官作为使团的正使。”
王华强这下算是完全听明白了：“这么说来，各州的骠骑将军和车骑将军，就是直接指挥这些府兵的将军了？他们的经费和俸禄是由尚书省里的兵部拨发的吧，平时又需要做哪些工作呢？”
长孙晟摇了摇头：“也不是，平时对府兵的管理，很多是由州里的司马来进行，骠骑将军是驻守在各州城外的军营里，负责对本州府兵的轮训。
皇上在本朝初建后，曾经实行过一次大规模的均田法，让天下百姓都有田耕种，而原来只管打仗不用种田的府兵们，也在这次均田中分到了田地。
皇上觉得北方已经一统，灭南陈也是迟早的事情，没必要保留上百万人的常备军，这么多军人不种田，国家也养不起，于是就让这些府兵们平时种田务农，而不是象西魏和北周那样只要当了兵，就完全不交税了。”
王华强皱了皱眉头：“可是要让当兵的这样不去训练，完全种地，那时间一长也就真成了庄稼汉了，这次我也打过仗，亲眼看到没有训练的士兵，在战场上无法列阵，不能熟练使用武器，只能被一边倒地屠杀。”
长孙晟摆了摆手：“这就是骠骑将军和车骑将军的作用了，他们的主要任务就是平时训练府兵，让他们学会列阵，会看会听旗鼓，府兵每年在农闲时间是要轮番进军营里服役操练的，其中优秀的健者，还会给挑选去外地或者进京番上，骁果骑士就是从这些各地府兵们番上的精锐中选择的。
入了骁果后，就不再属于各地府兵的名册，而转入皇家内册，由左右领军将军府管，所以李范是不可能查到段仪同他们的。”
王华强笑道：“也就是说这些府兵的户籍名册，衣物装备，是由各州的司马来管，而平时的训练则是要到骠骑将军和车骑将军所管的那个军营里去，这样就能文武分离，既保持了战斗力，又不至于让军队成为各地骠骑将军的私人武装，对吧。”
长孙晟认真地点了点头：“不错，就是这个道理，象段达的那个仪同，则是有了战事时，临时组织大军时的军中官职，打完仗后部队解散，这个官职也只能领俸禄，而并没有实权。
当然，各地的骠骑将军和车骑将军一般带本州的府兵上阵时，都会被临时授予仪同一职，以指挥自己本州的部队，而打完战后的抚恤和封赏，除非是被提拔为官，否则钱财之类的赏赐都是各州的长史和司马来办。”
王华强若有所思地点了点头：“难怪姑臧的这些土豪可以在姑臧城一手遮天，连凉州治所的姑臧城的长史和骠骑将军都是他们四大家族的人，这一州的刺史也就是个架空的摆设罢了。”
长孙晟微微一笑：“没你说的那么严重，凉州总管麾下的大军是常备边军，和内地又不一样，象凉州，并州，幽州这三个靠突厥的大州，有专门独立于府兵制度之外的总管兵制，直接是常备兵在这里，军饷也是由兵部直接拨给总管使用，可谓财权兵权一手抓，所以位高权重。
比如这凉州总管虞庆则，也是皇上特地用来镇住姑臧城土豪的一个重臣。”
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