第二百八十二章 太学的前世今生
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王华强一时间没有说话，他想到了在这个时代的学术环境，穿越之后他才明白，隋朝这时候还是没有科举制度的，做官完全是要靠拼爹，袭承了三国以来的九品中正制度，由地方上的名门望族推荐州县里的长史，司马，县尉之类的官员，而州刺史则是由朝廷派员担任，如此一来，由中央委派的官和代表着地方利益的吏就初步形成了分离。龙腾小说ltxsba.com
象李密这样的高级世家子弟，成年之后往往会被选拔入宫担任宿卫，替皇家站岗放哨，比如唐国公李渊，级别比李靖稍稍高一点，身为国公，就进了专门负责皇宫守卫的左翊卫，担任了八品的宿卫官，站了十年岗之后，被外放到下州直接当了四品的刺史。
至于蒲山郡公李密，应该也是年满二十以后就要走这条路，在他正式走上仕官之路前，云游天下，结交名士，是当下不少世家子弟的流行做法。
但有些汉人世家的子弟，不象这些关陇军事贵族那样，自幼让子弟习武射猎，或者是象李密这样体质羸弱，无法骑射，所以除了入宫站岗外，他们还有另一条上升通道，就是进太学和国子监。
自从汉武帝接受了大儒董仲舒的建议，废黜百家，独尊儒术后，也相应地设立了太学和国子监，置明师，以养天下之士，最早的太学设博士五人，博士弟子五十人，以讲五经明义为主。一直到了西汉末的王莽时。太学的规模前所未有地扩大。博士弟子高达一万多人，这些博士弟子还可以在地方官职出现空缺时入选补官，可见此时的太学已经不仅仅是个学术机构了，而成为职业官僚的预备队。
东汉一代，太学得到了进一步的扩大，汉光武帝刘秀在洛阳城外新建了太学，历经几任皇帝，数十万民伕的不断扩建。汉末时的太学规模扩展到了二百四十房，一千八百五十余室，所招收的太学生数目达到三万余人。
和后世的大学生们一样，太学生由年轻人构成，怀有着对社会不公，政治黑暗的天生愤慨和理想主义，东汉时期的太学生也多次聚集议论时政，甚至上街游-行，在汉末的党锢之祸里起了重要作用，也正因此。太学一度被东汉皇帝废弃。
到了三国时期，战乱不休。洛阳残破不堪，直到曹丕代汉后，才恢复了太学，当时只有博士十九人，一直到魏明帝曹睿时才恢复到了千余人的规模。依汉制实行五经策试，考试通过后可以担任一些低级文官职务，如掌固，太子舍人，郎中等。
西晋建立后，承继了魏以来的九品中正制，在太学制度上也相应地作了重大改变，分设国子学与太学，五品以上官员的子弟入国子学，通过考试者可以直接候补任官，而太学则成为普通士子们的求学场所，毕业后不包分配，如此一来，等于断了普通士人们学而优则仕的路子，导致几年后，太学仅存博士而无生员。
五胡乱华乃至南北朝时期，南方的东晋和南朝继承了晋朝的制度，继续国子学与太学分离，国子学成为官二代青训营，出来后直接进入体制内。
而北方的胡人统治者们则为了宠络汉人的世家大族，也设了太学，郡国学等，国学只限于汉人公卿大臣的子弟就读并做官，郡国学则让地方豪强和次等世族的子弟们能在州郡为吏，以便继续维护其家族的地位。
这就形成了北朝所特殊的“泼墨汉家子，走马鲜卑儿”的政治格局，胡人负责当兵打仗，汉人世家与地主的子弟们担任文官，而种地纳税的任务则交给普通的汉人农民。
隋朝建立以来，也效仿北朝的制度，在大兴设有国子学，太学，四门小学，进国子学需要三品以上官员的子弟，五品以上的官员子弟进太学，四门小学则面向七品官员的子弟，根据其父亲的官职，毕业安排七品到九品不等的官职。
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