第八十三章 烧制玻璃
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四月十日，李植的玻璃窑做好了。
玻璃窖里布置有六个坩埚都是蔡怀水找专门的坩埚匠人用最好的瓷土烧的。玻璃窑点火后，坩埚在窑里烧了两天，烧得白热，李植才把原材料放进坩埚里。
李植把第一炉作为试验，在不同的坩埚里放置略有不同的原材料：有的坩埚里只有纯碱、石灰石和石英，有的坩埚里这三种主要原材料配比不同，有的坩埚里加上一点硼砂，有的加上一点长石看看哪种配方最后产的玻璃最好。
也多亏有了蔡怀水，李植才知道哪里买得到硼砂、长石之类的配料。
说起来，烧制玻璃还挺麻烦的：
烧热的玻璃水中，要加入硝石去色玻璃因为含有微量的铁元素所以呈绿色，其中尤以二价铁为绿，三价铁则不是显著的绿色。李植加入硝石后，硝石将二价铁氧化为三价铁，玻璃就显得无色透明。
不但如此，玻璃烧制好后还需要澄清要在玻璃热液中加入澄清剂，比如食盐。澄清剂遇热挥发会形成大气泡，这些大气泡上升过程中带出小气泡，能让玻璃中的气泡减少，因此澄清。
李植的炉子设计得很成功，烧了一天把六锅原材料全部烧成了玻璃热液。玻璃液分别进入退火通道退火后，李植检查玻璃试验品的成色，发现第三个坩埚里加了硼砂的玻璃的透明度最好，算是找出了最优的配方。第二炉玻璃李植又微调第一炉找出的最优配方，直到找到较为完美的配方，这才作罢，开始制作成品。
第三炉玻璃，李植就开始用模压器模压玻璃用品了。李植用熟铁制造模压器，模压器上抹上一层用桐油调和的木炭粉末，防止铸模和玻璃黏合。一个坩埚的玻璃液倒入退火通道降温后，将一些玻璃液被倒入铸模，工匠们压下铸模压具，迫使玻璃液体在模压器中成型。待模压器中的玻璃冷却后，一个圆形玻璃杯就做出来了。
透明的玻璃杯做出来，放在桌子上十分美观，散发着本不该属于这个时代的光泽。蔡怀水大呼神奇，兴奋地跟在李植后面左看右看。
“东家，做成了！做成了！这下我可以去娶翠儿了！”
五个打下手的匠人也是满脸惊奇，看向李植的目光中满是崇拜。
这个时代玻璃是绝对的奢侈品，这么大的透明玻璃杯匠人们都没有见过，放到市场上去卖肯定可以卖个好价钱。
不过李植拿起那玻璃杯仔细一看，却发现了不足之处玻璃杯杯壁里还有一些气泡。这些气泡不但有碍美观，而且会让玻璃杯变得脆弱，容易破裂。
李植想了想，觉得还是澄清的工作没有做透。
李植决心要干掉这些气泡，于是在新一锅玻璃热液中加大了食盐的投放量。食盐放多以后气泡倒是减少了，却让整个玻璃液乳化了，做出来的玻璃杯变得不再透明，变得像是后世的磨砂玻璃似的，让李植大失所望。
李植想了好久，决定还是维持原来的食盐投放量，增加搅拌的工序！他找铁匠打造了几十根铁棍子，让匠人们在玻璃液冷却前不断搅拌坩埚中玻璃热液，把玻璃热液中的泡沫尽量搅拌冒出，这才加入食盐做澄清剂。
加入了搅拌程序后，李植指挥工匠们将这一锅玻璃倒出模压。新一个玻璃杯做好后，李植惊喜地发现气泡基本没有了。他得到了一个晶莹剔透的圆底玻璃杯。
看着这个完全透明基本无色的玻璃杯，李植感觉银子在朝自己挥手。
感谢木茶清味的1000打赏，十分感谢！感谢1753、氢氧化铯s的100打赏
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