第六十章 九品官人法
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陆云碾好了茶末，砂瓶中的水也开了。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com
他一边往盏中冲入滚水，一边富有韵律的搅动茶筅，调出茶膏和汤花。
陆信也不说话了，拢须看着陆云专注点茶的样子，神情一片平和。
“想不到父亲还曾是文试魁首，”点茶完毕，陆云一边奉上茶盏，一边才轻声道：“倒未曾听人提起过。”
陆信接过茶盏，轻轻吹着乳白的汤花，状若淡然道：“都是老黄历了，还提它作甚？”
“呵呵……”陆云笑笑道：“那么说，当年父亲被评为二品上中了？”
“那是自然。”陆信终是难掩自得道：“历来，文考武试的魁首，都会被评为二品上中。”
陆云点点头。他自然知道，大玄开国以来，更新了前朝的九品官人法，以考察法来定官人的品位。
所谓九品官人法，就是将准备出仕者，评定为上上、上中、上下、中上、中中、中下、下上、下中、下下九个品级，然后依品授官。当然，下三品是捞不着被授官的……
原先的九品官人法，只是以被品评者的家世、行状来确定其品级。家世便是家庭出身和背景，指父祖辈的资历，仕宦情况和爵位高低。行状则是个人的品行和才能。
很显然，行状的品评，是个很主观的东西，糅杂了太多的个人好恶、远近亲疏。哪怕你再有名气，本事再大，如果中正官就是不爽你，依然可以给你个‘崇尚虚名、才高德寡’的恶评，把你给搞到下品里去。
而一套规矩想要成为长久的规则，就必须尽量减少主观评定，增加可以量化的客观评价。那什么最客观？自然就是家世了。谁的家世好，谁的家门高，用不着脸红脖子粗的争，大家一条条摆明了比比就是。
我爹是侯爵，你爹是伯爵，那我就比你家世好。咱俩的爹平级，但我爷爷比你爷爷级别高，我的家世自然还是比你好……
很显然，这种法子也最符合公卿高门的利益，自然得到他们的全力支持。
所以九品官人法对人才的品评，很快就变成了家世的比拼。谁的出身高，谁就会获评高品。谁的出身低，那任你再有本事，也只能获评下品，无缘庙堂清流。这便是所谓的‘上品无寒士，下品无士族。’
但这法子实在贻害无穷，无数的庶族人才没有出路，对朝廷心怀怨恨。而士族这边，根本不用任何努力，年纪轻轻就可以获评上品，得授高官。士族子弟自然不会再去用功读书习武，只知道寻欢作乐、奢侈享受，很快就变成了四体不勤五谷不分的寄生虫。
随着士族的快速堕落，庶族的离心离德，国家自然以惊人的速度衰败下去，继而四崩五裂，被胡人趁虚而入，破天荒的占据了中原三百年，连汉家衣冠都险些不存！
当高祖皇帝和他的战友们，历尽千辛万苦终于消灭了胡人，重建中华后，自然要痛定思痛，不能再让悲剧重演了。依照高祖皇帝的意思，自然是废除九品官人法，才用唯才是举、选贤任能的用人制度。
但高祖的这一主张，遭到了七大门阀的极力反对，甚至连宗室内部也是一片哗然。高祖皇帝虽有再造社稷之功，但没有传国玉玺加持，总是差了一点点底气，最终只好做出了妥协——双方各让一步，依然采用九品官人法取士，但在评定品级时，家世、行状只能决定品评对象被归入上三品，中三品还是下三品。
至于最终会被定为上三品、中三品中的哪一品，则需要对其才学进行考核。当然，上品和中品是分开考核的，中品考得再好，至多也只能被定为四品中上，不会升为上三品的。
同样道理，上三品考得再差，也不会落入中三品。至于下三品，因为没资格被直接授官，所以连被考核的资格都没有。
尽管上中下品之间依然泾渭分明，但这一改变还是十分积极的。它让家世背景不再是品级评定的全部依据，要想获得尽可能好的品级，还得靠真才实学。虽然依旧是上品无寒士，但庶族子弟可以通过才学，最高获得四品的评定，直接被朝廷授予官职，这是他们从前想都不敢想的事情。
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