第九百九十九章 土地问题
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“不急于下结论，详细研究之后再下结论也不迟。”易知足缓声道：“我国不仅是农业大国，更是人口大国，对于农业危机必须引起足够的重视......。”
话未说完，秘书章梦秋在门口轻声禀报道：“大掌柜，农机厂孙长龄在外求见。”
“让他进来。”易知足笑道：“我这还没说到农业机械，这孙长龄就先到了。”
见他打住了话头，李鸿章斟酌着道：“我国是人口大国，即便是发展工业，工厂所能能容纳的人口亦是有限，推广普及农业机械势必会进一步促进土地高度集中，久而久之，会否留下后患？”
“这个问题很是尖锐。”易知足笑道：“不过，土地集中的根本原因不是推广普及农业机械，而是土地私有制造成的。土地兼并严重，高度集中是历朝历代乱源之所在，以前没推广普及农业机械，土地兼并严重高度集中的情况也依然存在。”
“在元奇创立之前，我国的土地兼并情况同样严重，但随着这些年不断的开疆拓土和大规模移民，土地兼并的情况已经大为缓解。”李鸿章不急不缓的道：“可一旦推广普及农业继续，势必又会加剧土地兼并的情况，日后这笔账怕是会栽在大掌柜的头上。”
易知足听的一笑，“我倒是不在意什么身前身后名，不过土地问题是根本问题，必须要妥善的解决......。”
听这话的意思是能妥善解决土地问题，在座三人眼睛都是一亮，历来土地问题都是历朝历代最为头痛的问题，为了保证国家赋税收入，维护小农经济、巩固统治，历代的封建统治者都搜肠刮肚采取各种措施抑制土地兼并，如北魏至唐实行的均田制，明朝丈量全国土地，按人丁和田亩收税，本朝的摊丁入亩等。
这些举措皆是治标不治本，只能取得短期的效果，并不能从根本上真正阻止土地兼并，原因就在于土地兼并的根源——土地私有制。
赵烈文迫不及待的问道：“大掌柜有法子妥善解决土地问题？”
“有个不成熟的设想，你们斟酌下。”易知足难得的谦虚了一回，“土地兼并的根源在于土地私有制。但土地私有是宪政的基础，土地私有产权是私有财产的基础，如果公民的土地私有产权没有保障，随时可能被剥夺的时候，其他所有私有产权的保护都可能形同虚设，如果个人没有土地私有产权的保障，个人其他所有私有产权方面的保护也会形同虚设！
这就成了一个死结，这也就是历朝历代都无法解决土地问题的根本原因！那咱们能不能从这个圈子里跳出来？”
说到这里，他一眼瞥见一身西装的孙长龄跨进房间，当即顿住话头，待其见礼后便伸手虚按了两下，指了指座位示意其落座，这才接着道：“怎么才能既保障土地的私有产权，又要防止土地兼并越来越严重？
我们不妨从土地兼并上寻找原因，或者说，从农民为什么卖地寻找原因，这个原因很简单，就是土地私有制！
正是因为土地可以自由的买卖才导致大量的农民失去土地，因为农民在市场经济中处于弱势，抗风险抗灾害能力薄弱，一旦发生变故，诸如经营不善，生病，遭遇自然灾害，遭遇农业危机等等，为了应对危机为了生存，就会卖地！
可以说，私有制是农民卖地的根源！要防止土地兼并越来越严重，就必须限制农民自由买卖土地！在不触及土地私有制的情况下如何限制？就只有一个可能——土地国有，土地的所有权掌控在国家手里，农民对于耕种的土地没有自由买卖的权利，只有耕种的权利！”
“公地？”李鸿章失声道：“那得需要多少公地？”
易知足看了他一眼，道：“不是给了朝廷三成的股份？朝廷可以每年拿出一部分资金购买土地，也可以在灾荒之际，以市价大量购买土地，既能赈灾也能缓解土地兼并，久而久之，国家掌控的土地就会越来越多。”
这个想法实在是太疯狂了！但不得不说，这法子确实能一劳永逸的解决土地兼并的问题，只是国家为此要付出巨大的代价，赵烈文喃喃着道：“只怕朝廷未必愿意花费如此大的代价来解决土地问题.......。”
易正行笑道：“如此好事，朝廷有什么不愿意的？只要元奇给钱给股份，朝廷自然千愿万愿。”
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