第533章战功之改
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军功的计算对于冷兵器为主的战争是比较复杂的，象弓箭类的远程武器就以射死敌人后，以弓箭为主要依据；投石机可以砸扁、撞击敌人为依据。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com但对地刀枪类的兵器，杀人一般就以首级、耳朵来计算了。
秦汉时期有着以敌军首级作为核对军功的规章制度。秦国商殃变法，重视军功，规定斩敌人首级一个，赏爵一级。强调军功的制度使民众全心投身于战争，从而造就了一支虎狼之师，奠定吞灭六国的基础。
从此在中国的历史上，仍保留着以斩获敌人首级的多少作为军人论功行赏的凭据的制度。
蒙古兴起，也有着按首级记功的惯例⌒一些大战役杀人杀得太多了，提首级都会提得手软，便只割腮杀敌人的左耳来报功。但耳朵没有什么特殊性，不管是左耳还是右耳，汉人的耳朵与异族的耳朵又能有何区别？所以杀良冒功的良军人特别之多。在大明这种方式就取消了，仍以首级为算。
但割首级算军功，又出问题了，戚继光就发现了这种问题，杀了敌人，大家都抢着割首级，谁还有心事再去杀敌，抢首级的事情就屡屡发生了。‘凡临阵的好汉，只有数人，每斩获首级，常是数十百人丛来报功’，所以戚继光下令，士兵‘只管当先杀去，不许立定顾恋首级。’规定‘今后临阵大兵，只管整队杀将前去，止以冲锋杀败贼寇为功，务求全胜，不许斩取首级。’又规定‘其杀倒之贼，许各队短兵砍首，每一颗止许一人就提在阵后，待杀完收兵，有令催验’。
不过大明的首级是明码标价的，‘每颗首级以三十两论之。当先牌枪筅分二十两，砍首兵二两，余兵分者分一两，火兵虽不上阵，本队有功，亦分五钱；每颗本队鸟铳手亦分二两。’这种分工倒体现了团队配合的精神，但这还远远不够。
首先三十两一个首级♀样的价格对于普通的军队还可以，但对于朱由校来说，首级与奖赏是万万接受不了的。首先首级之事已经不要适应亲军时代了，人死了再砍了头摆京观，首先就不卫生，容易造成疫病的传播♀是不可取的，都已经死透了还去拿尸体来砍，有些聊了。其次因为时代不同了，以前的一次宁远大捷只能杀个几百人，而现在一次作战，一杀就是成千上万人。神弩竖盾的出现让杀敌变得轻松起来。大明周边的敌人太多了，到处都是。一个蒙古的杀敌就能把朱由校杀成破产。首级都三十两，如此算活俘岂不贵？再次，战争讲究的是配合，不仅仅是前方战士之间的配合，还有后勤补给、武器制造、道路交通、斥候情报等等方面的配合，把军功集中在了一点之上，那是相当错误的。所以亲军没有首级领功之规定，只有团队精神♀不是平均主义大锅饭，是人司其职。比如上次黄泥岗破林丹时发放的百万抚恤，就是这种产物，其中净军的军功最大，所以得到的奖励也是最多的。
以这种首级军功来论牺牲的军民，那最后的结果肯定是相当灰暗的，朱由校不希望死去的英烈家属再悲伤今后的生活。不仅仅是要一次性发抚恤金，自然也会安排相应的工作岗位给他们，令其过活。
有功得奖，有过必罚♀也是上位者必须要做的。对于东城城守以及其手上抢珠宝的兵士，死的也就死了，不会以烈士来论，他们的死是轻于鸿毛，非但没有为国守士，反而严重的渎职！没死的，全体劳役二十年←个张掖如此损失全是因为他们的贪财所致，二十年的苦役算是便宜他们了。
对此孙承宗表示认同，事态已经发生了，罪魁祸首的守城官兵是必然要被拉出来平息民愤的。
对于四千不顾指挥竟然畏敌不救的四支队伍，（朱由校接到了光报里还不知道竟然有杀害袍泽以求灭口的将领存在～部以职务大小、责任高低充当苦役，三年最短，最高十年。当兵不能以敌人强大为借口就不去打仗了，这也是多年以来，宁夏到甘肃边墙周边的百姓屡屡被劫掠的主要原因。军兵不能保家卫国，要之何用？
处理完了张掖城事宜，方与孙承宗开始研究目前的战局。孙承宗此次可是带着皇上要求组建参谋团来的，如此战略正好可以学习研讨一番。十五人是经过孙承宗在军校里精挑细选出来的，最起码是读过兵书的。
卢象升制定的大捕鱼计划还是比较到位的，鞑靼人的四支队伍目前一支被卢象同所败，绕道分解出了二三百人偷城的部队，事的也被三百天雄军挡住了，昨日经过剿杀，最终事了二百余人今日退出了边墙。事的三支也开始了从进攻或者佯攻堡子，变成了在野外与天雄军周旋起来。
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