第五百四十八章 英年早逝
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甄宓这番赞誉言出由衷绝非笑言,众女见之便也相问,待甄宓出言解释之后尽皆释然,夫君所想之事果然新鲜有效,而刘毅报以微笑的同时心中也在暗暗称赞爱妾的眼光。龙腾小说ltxsba.com()次日他在府中与陈群等提及此事时长文亦是一愣之后思考半晌方才得出其中的好处,不但予以颁行更还加上了不少的意见,将这些商家的善举也大肆宣扬起来。
今日的雪势有又比昨日有所减弱,变得断断续续起来,刘毅的提议则引发了陈群钟繇等人更多的思考,本就心中有事要与主公相商可却因这大雪而耽搁下来,待众人今日例行会商后几人便在堂中商谈起来,原来二人所提的不是其他,而是要完善一下大汉的律法。
先秦之时百家争鸣,乃是华夏思想史上一个灿烂辉煌的时期,涌现出了无数的人才,提倡以法治国的韩非便是其中之一,虽然他本人为李斯所嫉身死,可后者在治理秦国的过程中也不自觉的用上了此人的很多理论,六国之中秦是最为严刑峻法的,亦是他最为强大的原因之一!军法严明可使得士卒人人用命,赏罚分明更使军队战力坚强,而律法的森严亦可使百姓人人得其所,国家上下可以形成合力!
秦始皇扫清六合一统天下,之后秦之律法却显得严苛的有些过了头,动辄便是大刑加身,久而久之百姓怨声载道,嬴政在时方能依靠不二的威信强行镇压,可其人一旦身故他所建立的大一统王朝很快便分崩离析!继之而起的汉高祖刘邦对律法也是极为重视的,不过在先秦的程度上和缓了许多,约法三章就使得关中百姓为其效力。
“杀人者死,伤者及盗抵罪。”约法三章的内容虽是简单可却为他赢得了民心,后更是击败了力拔山兮气盖世的西蜀霸王项羽,建立汉朝华夏大地再归一统,不过随着董仲舒的罢黜百家独尊儒术,便开始了长达两千年的治大于法的现象,汉唐宋元明清各朝各代的律法都在不停完善,可在实际操作之中很多儒家的礼、义其地位却还在律法之上,且在这之中道德准则与人为的因素有时亦是凌驾其上。
严明的法纪可以使军队强大,一样是国家强盛的基础,这一点刘毅从来没有半点怀疑,后世的他作为一个极其成功的商人对于法律也有着很深的研究(目的并不纯洁),律法最基本的精神就是公平二字,此外最为需要的就是一个强有力的政权来保证他的实施!随着幽州不断的发展尤其是商事的兴盛,亦有不少问题浮出水面,此时之前的汉律由于太过简陋难以应对,这在一定程度上会遏制发展的势头。()
见陈群与钟繇二人主动提出这个想法,刘毅心中欣慰的同时也在赞赏二人的勇气,因为这些一旦有所疏漏便极有可能名誉尽毁,而对祖制的保守亦会使它遭受到不小的阻力,但眼下的形势的确到了要明确律法的时候,三人商议之后觉得还是先从商事领域做起,这样乃是有的放矢,可以在最大程度上减少大氏族大世家的抵触之心。
一旦涉及到具体事务,陈群钟繇二人便再一次为主公的所学所折服了,听他滔滔不绝的说起律法之事当真是如数家珍,一些想法与思路更是前人未有,不光仅仅在商事领域,包括刑名之学刘毅也有着很多高深的见解令人叹为观止,到了后来,这次会商已经从三人商谈变成刘毅一人的演讲了,陈、钟二人不时发问,再得到解答。
这个景象并不奇怪,刘毅毕竟多了将近两千年的见识,而法制这个东西是随着人类历史的发展而不停进步完善的,且带有着极为明显的地域特色与道德因素!比如后世的英美等国实行的就是判例法,成为英美法系,而华夏自古就有着各种律法的传承,是为成文法属于大陆法系,二者各有利弊,在华夏各个朝代的律法之中也深深的打上了儒家礼义以及家族宗法的烙印,完善的律法必须要符合社会的现实。
论起此处,其实刘毅早在燕郡之时便曾有过一些改良,但也十分的谨慎,毕竟此时的社会结构极为稳定,而律法关系到国家的基础,纵使他心中有万般想法也不得不考虑当时的现实情况,如今亦是一般。首先重农轻商的这个思想并不能大动干戈,商人的地位只能想法设法弯弯绕绕的进行实际上的提升,这一点由于幽州商事的兴盛已经有了较为厚实的基础,此外它最为核心的部分便是契约,必须要有与之相应的详细法则加以协调才能保证其更为平稳的发展下去。
此时契约的雏形早就出现运用了很多年了,不过大众普遍认可的还是君子之间的信誉,所谓君子一言快马一鞭,大丈夫无信不立都代表了这个观点,可商人逐利又是难以改变的本质,因此在二者之间便形成了一个难以调解的矛盾,之所以有无商不奸这句话便是这个矛盾的产物,正因商人们与君子轻财重义的礼义有所不符才会造成了他们被当权者所轻视,地位难以得到提升,至少也是重要的原因之一!
追求利益是商家的本质,这一点无可厚非,可却不能任其妄为,这才要有明确的法律加以规范,让其可以在受到约束的情况下追求正当的利润,这一点在后世乃是天经地义,可在汉末之时却多少有些离经叛道,而此时的刘毅还远未达到一言九鼎的地步,争霸天下的事实也要让他尽力去维护占据社会主导地位阶层的利益,改革这个东西向来是一把双刃剑,而对刘毅来说稳定的社会基础亦是重中之重。
一番商议之后刘毅的所言让陈群钟繇二人所得极多,原先略显稚嫩的想法也得到了极大的完善,不过三人还需要对此事详加考量,可以确定的是在律法的改良中不求有功但求无过是必须的原则!其中陈、钟二人会起到绝大的作用,他们对现今的了解要远胜刘毅!
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