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第八百六十章 工业

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常进有戴上眼镜后,眼前果然清晰了很多,他按着图纸,两眼死盯着不放。

不少研究员都放弃了手头的工作,转而站在常进有身后来研究。

图纸上就是以黄道婆纺机为雏形,加上层层叠叠的钟表式的齿轮,以齿轮和螺杆来带动纱锭,另一端则是连接水力的构造。

如果能成功制造出来,大量的水力纺织机在沿南北渠两岸自动纺布,不仅是节省了大量的人力成本,一个工人可以照顾好几架坊机,而且是二十四小时不停的纺布,人力纺布可是要休息的,睡觉,吃饭,这是人类最基本的需求,机器和水流可是完全不需要!

不用仔细想,也能知道这些机器会把和裕升的布匹成本缩减到什么程度。

松江布最便宜的在原产地才卖三四钱银子一匹,这几年白银大量涌入江南一带,物价开始急剧攀升,现在松江布的布价节节攀升,在北方最少已经是一两五以上一匹了。

一个拥有十几亩地到三十亩地的自耕农家庭,如果风调雨顺又是无病无灾,去掉正赋和杂税摊派之后,一年的纯收入也就是六两到十两之间,一年的收入,也就是够买几匹布,可想而知百姓在购置衣服上的压力有多大了。

事实上一直到清末,衣服仍然是硬通货,特别是加了棉花的袄服,其价格足够农民在手头紧张的时候拿去换钱,用来购买农具种子盐等必须的生活用品,等天寒地冻时,再把棉袄给赎回来便是。

有很多地方,一家子只有一套衣袍可以外出做活,十几岁的女孩子光着屁股缩在被子里,这种极端的情况也不是没有。

常进有在图纸上重重一拍,说道:“好想法,好设计!”

“这只是想当然。”宋应星提醒他道:“要想成功,分锭的机器构造是很复杂的,要带动纱锭,不使其混乱,再纺出纱线,多锭的机器需要很多机关窍门……”

“会成功的。”常进有眼前的设计图纸就象是一个很大的座钟,钞锭就象是钟的座摆在底部一样,只要解决了构造衔接的问题,机器从图纸设计再到造出模型机,然后是实验机,最终投入生产造出大量的成机,这只是一个时间问题了。

“这就是文澜说的工业化的启蒙?”常进全的两眼,竟是有些湿润了!

真正的水力纺织机要在百年之后才由急需要摆脱人力桎梏的英国人搞了出来,在羊毛坊织业出现了羊吃人之后,英国人开始向棉布纺织进军,然后是水力纺机的出现,接下来又是解决了蒸汽机由曲杆运动往圆周运动的难题,瓦特等人把蒸汽机最终改良后,在十八世纪到十九世纪,第一次工业革命的最大成果就是在纺织业。

大量的廉价又高产的布匹开始冲击全世界的市场,英国纱锭在很短的时间内就到了几百万锭之多,其后一直到十九世纪和二十世纪初,整整二百年的时间,一个国家拥有多少纱锭已经成了工业化国家的标准!

日本也就是在先引入炼钢厂后开始大规模的展了纺织业,到二十世纪初时由一个未开化的岛国一跃成为早期工业化国家,钢铁厂只是起步,真正使其获得第一桶金,创造早期大量利润支持国家继续前行的就是纺织业,日本的纱锭从无到有,到明治期间的几千枚纱锭迅展到拥有近四十万枚纱锭,从一个棉纱进口国转变为出口国,大量的日本布匹开始在中国倾销,用工业倾销来掠夺农业国的财富实在是太方便不过了。中国看似很大,但经济体是分散的一个个农户,以农户手工纺织的手法,只能满足少数人的自给自足,哪怕是在明朝也是不可能家家自己纺织,更何况在几百年后,社会流动性更大,小农经济破坏更加严重的清末民国时期。

可以说,在现在和三百多年以后,纱锭的数量和钢铁吨位数的意义是一样的,生产的钢铁吨位数是一个国家工业能力的基准,钢产量也是衡量国力的最佳标准,而纱锭数量,才是衡量一个国家工业化程度的标准,没有大量的纱锭就意味着没有真正的工业化,象清朝那样投入重金上马几个大型钢厂,完全没有摸着工业化的窍门所在,要知道,日本在明治时期在几千个纱锭的时候,同时期的美国已经拥有一千多万个纱锭了!

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看看红票榜掉的名次很多啊,有些伤心,大家抛弃我了吗?

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