第一千五百一十八章 荒卷
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就如眼下这样，江南地方最普通的人也能获得相当多的肉食和鱼类来获取蛋白质，粮食也以吃精粮为主，但在西北地方，人们能用糜子或高粱来果腹已经不错了，很多地方是更粗劣的杂粮，在后世连喂猪都不用的东西在这个时代就是人们的主食。
而一场天灾就可能叫人们连杂粮都吃不上，徐光启是一个有见识的人，他的荒卷就是为了尽可能的帮助这些随时可能陷入灭顶之灾的北方贫民。
但和他的农书一样，虽然名声很大，愿意在这种事上下功夫的人还是极少，如果有少数人对此感兴趣，徐光启只会感觉欣慰，并且愿意尽力帮助对方。
当然，徐光启也完全明白，他的帮助等于杯水车薪，他只能眼睁睁的看着大明北方的居民往着无底的深渊狂奔，而驾驶大明这辆马车的驭车们还在感觉良好，丝毫不曾感觉到真正的危机已经降临。
徐光启终于忍不住道：“吾恐季氏之忧，在萧墙之内。”
“老师何意？”孙元化沉吟着道：“老师的意思是说，今日的忧患不在东虏，也不是和记，而是大明自身？”
“是的。”徐光启这一次对弟子的表现相当满意，他点头道：“这几个月，你的师兄弟和南堂的传教士们一起在西北地方调查，还有河南地方。近十年来，最少有过百个州县受灾，各地的情况都相当的恶劣。南堂的传教士们认为，大规模的流民暴乱或是造反都是迫在眉睫了！”
“不会这么糟糕吧？”孙元化面色有些苍白的道：“朝廷不是对灾区有免赋和赈济吗？”
“杯水车薪，勉强使地方官府和士绅跟着朝廷的脚步走做些表面功夫，安抚人心耳。”徐光启道：“但你要想想，朝廷用度繁多，现在勉强够敷衍而已，一旦再出什么大事，必定会捉襟见肘，到时候辽饷之外，再开征新的赋税，民间如何能够承担？现在已经是堆起柴山，就等着有人点火了。一旦火起，则势必燎原，无人可以再将这大火扑灭。王朝倾覆，无非就是官、逼、民、反这四个字，大明的财赋不足，度支失衡，弊病深入肌里，无药可医。就算想治都不知道从何处下手，更何况根本无人想出手医治呢。”
辽饷是神宗年间开征，除贵州等少数地方之外，全国所有的田亩加征银子九厘，合计多收五百二十万零六十二两，这是辽事一起之后，举朝之内包括神宗皇帝自己发觉无钱可用，辽镇已经衰朽不堪，不管是铠甲兵仗还是兵员战马都是奇缺的情形之下，不得不头痛医头的救急之举。
按理来说是在四十八年停征，但在天启年间辽饷不仅没有停征反而东林和阉党都又加征了关税和行盐等杂项商税银，天启年间的商税也大幅度增加，民间的压力相当沉重。在崇祯早年停征过一些杂项银，但很快又重新征收，不仅如此，崇祯年间还加征了剿饷和练饷，不加征则无银可用，加征则又把大量的小地主和自耕农阶层推到了造反农民的一边，使北方更加空心化，南方也滋生了大量的不满。
当王朝覆灭时，除了少数的勋贵和太监之外，所有阶层都站在曾经拥护的王朝的对立面，这才是不管大顺的进军或是满清的南下都相当顺利的最主要的原因。
要知道清军并不强大，西征的阿济格所部三万人，多铎部才两万人。
“况且……”徐光启压低声音道：“近年来也是由于和记在山西等地收罗了大量的流民，不少流民都被他们招到草原上种地或是当兵去了。据南堂的人说，最少有十几二十万人之多。”
孙元化瞠目道：“怪不得皇上要把地方督抚和兵备道都换掉，还要加派巡按御史，这成何体统，地方上居然不上报。”
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