第558章 道士做军医
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夏鸿升同袁天罡二人一直说到了也不知剪去了几回灯花，袁天罡这才告辞离去。
古代战争中的死亡率高，是由许多方面的原因造成的。其中固然有人海战术、盔甲护具、以斩首割耳计算战功……等等的因素在里面，但是这诸多的因素之中，影响较大的，必然有一个是当时医疗条件，特别是急救及伤口处理技术的落后。
夏鸿升平素交好的友人里面，大半都是军方的勋贵子弟，听父辈讲战场上的事情多，夏鸿升也跟着知道了不少。
一场战斗拼杀下来，拼杀会死人，乱军阵中踩踏也会死人，甚至杀疯了眼根本不看人，只要是身边的人就砍的也不少，这些都会造成死伤。伤的人永远比直接立刻死去的人多。而这些伤的人，由于医疗条件和技术的落后，往往不能得到有效的救治，进而成为算入死亡率中的一员。
军队中处理伤员的手法，夏鸿升是见识过的。
老实说，其实古代对于军中的军医和伤员并不是不重视，反而是十分重视的。
军中有专门治疗战伤的军医，为太医校尉、太医司马、金疮医和折伤医等称呼，且对于进入军伍的兵卒还会进行体检。
早在魏晋南北朝时期，实践医学的发展，就使金创折疡的临证经验得到积累和发展。比如说《肘后方》一书之中，就介绍了危重创伤的早期处理，描写了颅脑损伤和外伤可导致大出血致死的部位。另外还有《外台秘要》“金疮禁忌序”中引葛洪“凡金疮出血，其人若渴。当忍之。常用乾食并肥脂之物以止渴，慎勿咸食，若多饮粥荤，则血溢出杀人，不可救也。又忌嗔怒大言笑，思想阴阳。行动作劳。勿多食酸咸，饮食酒、热羹臛辈，皆使疮肿痛发，甚者即死。现代对创伤休克及出血性休克的处理，仍然采取这些措施。
葛洪认为：“凡金疮，伤天囟、眉角、脑户、臂里跳脉、髀内阴股、两乳上下、心、鸠尾，小肠及五藏之腑输皆是死处，不可疗也”。即是说，颅脑损伤、肱或股大动脉出血不止。或内脏破裂，肋骨骨折所致的气血胸等证候，就没救了。而这些对于现代医学来说也是严重的战伤。
同时，龚庆宣整理的《刘涓子鬼遗方》是中国在痈疽金疮方面论述较详的第一本方书。他还提出：如被有射网的毒箭所伤，可用兰子散解毒。如箭在肉中不出，可用半夏和白蔹下筛，以酒服。并说：“浅者十日出，深者二十日。终不住肉中”。
另外，唐代辽阔的疆域和漫长的边防线之所以能够巩固。唐朝地主阶级一百多年相对安定的统治秩序之所以能够确定，其中重要的因素是府兵制造成了强大的唐帝国军队。而在《通典》中曾引用李靖兵法：在军队中每营设有“检校病儿官”，每日巡查伤病员情况和饮食起居，以便安排医疗和后送，如发现新的病员或病情危重的士兵，必须报告总管。令医生巡营，给以适当的治疗。营主和检校病儿官，应按照伤病员伤势的轻重，安排运输工具和护理人员。能行走的病员给傔人（即看护）一名；病重不能行走的加给驴一头，连牲口也不能乘骑的重伤病员。则给驴二头，看护二人缚辇运送。如病儿检校官和傔人不好好照顾伤病员，各杖一百；若将未死的伤病员加以掩埋时，处以斩罪。部队中军校，每三天必须巡行本部军士的营幕，检阅他们饮食的精粗，以及劳逸是否适当，并抚恤战士疾苦，视察医药护理情况。战士如有死亡应立即上报，以礼祭葬，并抚恤其家属。如果死于阵战间，同火应掩埋其尸体，如因作战负伤死亡，本部将校应将经过情况详细呈报，以礼祭赠。如仅负伤，应随伤势的轻重予以优赏。这些记载，说明了唐代在军队中似已有类似现代救护所的设立，并有了较详细的医疗后送制度。
这些都说明了，古代军医不仅没有被忽略，反而非常受到统治者的重视。因为在皇权体制下，唯有统治者十分重视，才会有大量的人去在这一方面花费心思。
可是，受限于医者的认知和水平，有些在后世人看来十分常识性的地方，这个时代的军医也并为有所意识。
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