第1028章 给李老二讲课
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李世民一听，摆了摆手，追问道：“听贤婿这话，是另有补足之法了？”
“回岳父大人的话，市场调节，自有他的弊端。它多在事后，以价格为信号，但价格的变动，只有在供求出现矛盾时才会发生，因此没有预先调节的功能。且由于对于更高利润的追逐，导致哪里有更高的利润的市场机会，各种市场资源便会自发的给哪里增加，若不加管理，便容易失控，反而导致供过于求。另外，因为市场调节是参与到市场中的人的自发的行为，碍于其各自的眼界，它不一定精准，不一定对于整个大的市场环境有利。”
“如何解之？”李世民坐正了身子，紧紧追问道。他头脑中已然有了一个大致的轮廓了。
“宏观调控！”夏鸿升也坐直了身体，答道：“宏者，大也！观者，察也！所谓宏观，简言之，便是大局之意。调控，乃调节、调配与控制。所谓宏观调控，便是朝廷站在大局的角度，对市场进行干预，综合运用种种手段，针对市场调节的种种不足，对整个国家的市场、交易行为等等，进行的一种有目的的调节与控制。”
李世民闻之一振，静静思索起来。
夏鸿升也不打扰他，让李世民自己静静领悟。
不多时，只见李世民手指曲起，拿指节轻轻敲击着桌面，缓缓开口说道：“旱则资舟，水则资车。乃市场之调节也。丰则贵取，饥则贱与。乃朝廷之调控也！”
夏鸿升眼中一亮，看来李世民已经明白了。
“不错！岳父大人果然英明，眨眼间便了然于心了！”夏鸿升说道：“岳父大人所言，大旱的时候收购船只，大涝的时候收购马车，以待其乏。这正是市场调节之行为。而丰年商人都会压低粮价，农人损失惨重，朝廷便可制定政策，遇到丰年之时，让各地以适当高于市场的价格收购粮食，“丰则贵取”，避免出现谷贱伤农的事情。而在欠收年份，有商人抬价时，朝廷则用低于市场的价格来出售这些粮食，“饥则贱与”，免得哄抬价钱。这样一来，不管是丰还是饥，都可以将粮价保持在一个相对稳定的状态，市场就不会乱。这就是宏观调控。”
“再说粮食。若是种地的人过于多，朝廷便可以通过一些政策举措，让一些人不去从事耕种，而若是种地的人过于少，朝廷亦可通过制定一些举措，让人们重新愿意从其他的行业转而去种地。不仅是粮食，其他的方面，朝廷在不过于干涉的前提下，通过制定政策，来引导人们的商业行为，从而来稳定国家的经济大局，达到经济有利发展的目的。岳父大人，市场调节和宏观调控双管齐下，互相补充，则经济大局可顺利发展。只要两者相互结合，调控得当，岳父大人所担心的事情，也就不会发生了。”
李世民盯着夏鸿升看了看，忽而笑了起来，说道：“呵呵，这些东西，里面果真有诸多门道。不禁教朕觉得，是不是也当去你那泾阳书院里面，同那些学子一起听讲一番了。”
“啊？！”夏鸿升瞪大了眼睛，吓了一跳。
见夏鸿升被吓得愣住，李世民又哈哈大笑了起来，却是笑得颇为舒畅了。
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