第1032章 全书之体例
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一部大百科全书,可不是一个人能够完成的。龙腾小说网ltxs520.com.即便是是在后世里,着作大百科全书,也依旧是动用了数万专家学者,耗时十五年方才最终着出了第一版的。
夏鸿升还没有狂妄自大到觉得能凭自己这半桶水来完成一部这等巨着。
泾阳书院是夏鸿升天然的依托与平台。
书院中的教席先生,都是截至目前这个时代为止,在各个领域中顶尖的那一批人。他们带出来的学子,也都是在某一个领域之内最为先进的年轻人了。
而他们,才是着作这本大百科全书的中流砥柱。
为此,夏鸿升特意召开了泾阳书院全体教席先生会议,郑重的宣布了要以泾阳书院为名义,联合书院所能够调动的所有资源,以相互合作,各司其学的方式,共同完成这样一部概要记述人类一切知识门类的工具书的事情。
夏鸿升的理念超前,底下的教席先生们不是全都能够听得懂的。于是有人问到:“山长,这工具便是工具,书便是书。如何放到一起叫工具书?”
夏鸿升见疑惑的人不少,于是解释道:“就像是农夫锄地,需要用到锄头,锄头便是农夫的工具。铁匠打铁,需要用到锤子,锤子便是铁匠的工具。将士作战,需要用到武器,这些武器,其实也是将士们的工具。各行各业都离不开工具,学子修习,学者研究,也需要工具,这个工具,就是书。这种工具书,就像是农夫的锄头和铁匠的锤子一样,是学子们学习的工具。就比方说咱们寻常时候用的《说文解字》,用的《唐韵》这般,需要是拿出来翻找,它给出答案,这类便是工具书。”
“哦,原是如此。”说起《唐韵》,众人便理解了。自打拼音推行开来之后,这本《唐韵》就成了许多人必备的一本书。遇到不知如何读的字了,拿出《唐韵》查一查,便可知道其读音意思,端得有用。
夏鸿升点了点头,又道:“工欲善其事,必先利其器。工具书便是一种依据特定的需要,广泛汇集相关的知识与资料,再照一定的体例与检索方式进行编排,使之容易被检索使用,然后专供查阅资料线索的书籍。可谓正是世人在书山探宝,学海求知的‘器’啊!”
“这等书籍,要囊括世间所有门类的学问,若是能成,日后学子岂非只要有这本书,足不出户便可知古通今,了解各种技艺了?”一个教席笑道:“哈哈,好事!好事!”
“百科全书只是一个知识的汇总,想要深入研习某一方面,光看看百科全书是绝对不行的。百科全书为汇总而作,注定是多而杂,杂而不能精的。”夏鸿升笑了说道:“它的作用,更多的是让人知道世间有这诸般学问在,然后激发兴趣,促其往更深处追学而已。既如此,可知此书就目的而言,主供查考、检索。因而若从编排起来,就要以某种特定体例编排,以体现其工具书性,易检性、易用性。而以内容而言,则须广泛吸收已有之成果,所提供的知识、学问,须成熟可靠,叙述简明扼要,概括性强。”
“辑录当世间种种门类的全部学问与技艺,此书若成,乃大功德啊。”盖文达捋须说道:“若做此书,那老夫建议当先确定文章体例。此书涵盖之广,定非数人之功可以问世。乃须各门各类,各行各业之人共同编纂之。若是体例不同,将来如何能编排到一起?故而应先定体例,日后无论何门何类,记叙何种学问技艺,都以此体例来写,日后编排到一起,才不至漫卷混乱。”
“不错,先定下体例,确出准则,然后各展所长,以此体例准则辑录各自领域之内容。”鬼厚诚点头说道:“体例都一样,日后便可直接辑录编排。”
夏鸿升点了点头:“我也是这般意思,今日正要与诸位相商,定下体例格式之范。”
“不知山长可有头绪?”颜相时问道。
“我的确有所设计,今日便提出来,同诸位先生一道商议。”夏鸿升说道:“既为大百科之汇总,应分门而别类。以我所见,当以门类领域为册,门类之内又细分条目,条目之下又细分小条目。比方说医学为一大类,这一大类下,又分疾病条目、病理条目、治疗方法条目、药物类条目、药剂类条目、医疗器械条目、疗养地条目、从医者条目等等诸般。各个条目之下,又根据其内容再行细分,对这一方面从古至今之成果进行概述。而所有这些辑录到一起,便是大百科全书之医学。如此这般。”
“以门类为册,合到一起,便是大百科全书。单独拿出来,则每一本分册,便是这一门类之全书。不错。”计润泽点头道:“在下看这种分法很好。”
“另外,具体编写之时,当以由总至分,由古至今之顺序来编写。不仅要辑录旧成果,更要突出新成果。”夏鸿升继续说道:“全书以按学科门类分册卷,以条目形式全面、系统、概括地介绍知识学问与技艺。并当附有适量随文图,使之更加明晰。正文条目之前,当有一篇介绍该学科卷内容之概观性文章,并附有反映该学科体系的条目分类目录。在正文条目后有介绍对该学科发展有重大影响之事件的大事年表,及供寻检所用之条目汉字笔画索引与内容索引。卷内条目当有完备之参见,可附有参考书目文章之类,以供想要深入了解此方面之人可以知道去找何种书籍来看。”
说完之后,夏鸿升看看众人,又道:“此乃愚见,权作抛砖引玉。”
众人听过之后,思索良久,然后才听颜相时说道:“此法布局缜密,条理清晰,老夫等却也没有更好的体例法子了。依老夫看,便如此定下来。诸位同僚以为可否?”
“的确想不出更好的了,老夫以为然。”于志宁捋须说道。
众人也都纷纷附和,于是便敲定下来。
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