第13章 两手都要硬
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常平仓设置于太宗当政时期，规模一直不大。在京城主管常平事务的是司农寺，三司不得过问，更加不能支用常平钱物。但另一方面，三司下面又设有常平案，自己记账，作为对司农寺的牵制。这是衙门之间常有的事情，叠床架屋，各有打算。
地方上常平仓一般随着劝农使，提点刑狱带劝农使，常平仓就隶提点刑狱，转运使带劝农使，便就由转运使司主管各州常平事务。徐平是兼任本路劝农使的，京西路的常平仓自然就归他管辖。前些天下来的诏令，本来就跟他有关。
要以路一级统筹搞经济变革，必须要有一个机构作为依托。转运使没有行政职能，没有这样一个依托，下面的州县根本就不会理自己。徐平大约还记得课本上王安石变法，其中一条便就是在地方上用了常平仓，直至新设了提举常平这一个监司出来。这是历史的经验，徐平自然要借鉴，实际上路一级也没有比这一机构更合适的机构了。
汉朝的时候，便就开始有了常平仓，但真正完善起来，还是要到宋朝。太宗时候设常平仓的时候，功能相对很简单，就是收获的季节用市价收购粮食，遇到荒年或者青黄不接的时候比市价略低出售粮食。在这一段时间，常平仓有作用，但作用不大。
现在存在的问题，是常平仓的储存不多，也就是能够覆盖州府，下面的县里基本就享受不到好处。再一个朝廷主管的司农寺地位不高，挡不住下面州县的支借挪移，往往实物与账面数字不符。这道诏令出来，便就跟这现状有关，就一步就挡住地方伸来的手。
但徐平的用意不仅是在于这些，更重要的是他提出了由转运使主管常平仓，不再单纯地买卖粮食，而是可以用这些作为本钱经营，经商也好，开场务也好，都可以。这样一来常平仓便就成了一个有经济功能的单独机构，很多经济措施可以借这个壳子推行。
此事过于重大，朝廷里还没有决断，只是下诏令选择管理常平仓的人员。
此时下边州县的钱粮，一般来说，除了州一级的公使库等少数，基本都是由三司掌控的。一部分要送到京城，还有一部分是留在地方，留在地方的也在三司账上，地方只是代为保管，称为系省钱物。系省钱物州县无权动手，支配权在转运使司。
正是握住了钱袋子，转运使便就掌握了地方的经济命脉，可以在本路各州之间调配钱物。徐平正是借助这一条，明明白白地要插手河南府的政务。
一手用常平仓在路一级做统筹规划，一手用系省钱物侵夺地方之权，这是徐平上任之后先要做的。只有把地方权力收到自己的手里来，才能够大刀阔府地做事情。
而用来掐住地方脖子的，就是那一条引洛入汴的河道。
（备注：常平仓由转运使经营，历史上是景祐三年淮南转运副使吴遵路提出来的。
今天只有这一更了，读者见谅，这一两天我会把欠的补上。）8
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