第89章 你们要做点善事
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郑中攀低头沉默了一会，猛地抬起头来，横下心道：“不是小的不舍得钱财，只是家里十数口，老的老，小的小，实在是没有那些闲钱。再者说了，小的家里也没人入学社！”
“学社自然是有学社的规矩，为长久计，是不能坏的。但是，现在说的不是学社的规矩，周员外一样是在学社该交的钱外额外出钱。是不是，周员外？”
周正海脸皮抽搐了一下，还是心痛要掏花出去的钱，只好硬着头皮道：“官人说的是。”
“你看，现在不是说学社，是说富人啊，有了钱财，要给乡里做点好事。现在乡里的学童风吹日晒，跟着唐秀才读书识字，你们于心何忍？几个大户凑点钱财，为学社建几所房屋，后世子孙都会受益，这是你们的功德。现在你们家境殷实，谁要敢说子子孙孙都是如此？真有了落魄的那一天，这也是你们为子孙积的福。”
郑中攀脖子一梗，横下心来道：“官人如此说，何不由官府出钱建几间学堂！”
徐平看着郑中攀，脸上的笑容慢慢淡去，过了好一会，脸上才又重新浮现出笑容：“官府手里没有钱，要出钱，那钱从哪里来？还是从你们的身上来。既然如此，为何不直接让你们把钱出了，在乡里还落个善人的名声。要官府强征，何苦呢？”
郑中攀涨红了脸，高声道：“我家里的钱，都是祖上省吃俭用攒下来的，凭什么要花出去给别人家的孩子建学屋！大不了以后我家的孩子大了，不入这学社就是！”
建几间茅屋能花几个钱？对官府来说并不是什么大事。但是，徐平不能坏了规矩。今天在这里让汜水县里把建学堂的钱出了，那么其他的乡村怎么办？全都由官府出钱？开什么玩笑，这个年代的经济水平，连城镇里普及教育都远远做不到，更何况是乡村。有多大的力量做多少事，乡村的教育，只能是让农民自助办学为主。
徐平之所以看死这两个大户，让他们出钱助学，也是立下个规矩。可以把官方加在大户身上的负担减轻，但相应地也要让他们负起责任来。来自官方的压力小了，便就作威作福，横行乡间，甚至拉大乡间的贫富差距，那是徐平所不能允许的。
社会发展，是追求公平还是追求效率？是两者兼顾还是效率为先兼顾公平，或者反过来先要公平再兼顾效率？并没有完美的答案。两者协调发展也是可以的，但总是限定在一个范围内，到了一定的程度，必然会做出一个选择。两全其美的路只能是一小段，走下去总会遇到岔路，就看腿要迈到哪一边。
徐平要在这个时代推行商品经济，那么在商品经济的范围内，只能先讲效率，兼顾公平。现在只是开始阶段，两者的矛盾不明显，但总要会遇到选择一项牺牲另一项的时候。
商品经济的商品不包括粮食，商品经济自然也就不包括单纯种植粮食的农民，那么很简单，在农村就不需要效率为先。官方所征收的财富，以后会主要从城镇的商品经济中得来，农村的负担会越来越轻。这个时候发展商品经济不用面对国际竞争，也就不需要那么残酷的原始积累，工农业剪刀差不是必要的，大不了积累的速度慢一点就是。
追求效率自然免不了牺牲公平，会导致贫富差距扩大，社会矛盾加深，当发展到了一定程度，这种影响便就会越来越明显。徐平想把这种矛盾限制在城镇，而不扩展到乡村中来，这样做也是为了尽量减小社会的动荡。城镇里官方的力量最强的，真出了事，不管是安抚还是镇压，都比农村容易得多，成本也低得多。
在农村追求公平怎么做？自然就是还按以前的政策，打压上中户，尽量减轻下户和客户的负担。土财主再是心怀不满，难道还能翻上天去？受不了这些，要么就是把家业搬到城镇去，要么就乖乖在乡里做大善人，有钱出钱，有力出力。
这是徐平对待城镇和乡村不同的态度，是基本政策，不管是到了什么地方，遇到的是什么人，站出来反对这一点，徐平都不可能做任何妥协。
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