第9章 变夷为夏
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徐平和种世衡相视而笑。契嵩能够声名远播，被很多人推服，是那么好对付的？初次见面张载凭着年轻气盛，又比契嵩了解西蕃事务，占了上风。哪里想到和尚的耐心早已经超出常人，不但不着恼，还盯上了张载，颇有点要点化他的意思。拿出每天口诵十万句观音菩萨法号的毅力，契嵩天天与张载同吃同睡，已经让他快要崩溃了。
让张载发了一会牢骚，徐平对他道：“你们一路同行，吵吵嚷嚷大家都看在眼里。秀才我问你，知不知道我为何要带着你们，一起为边事效力吗？”
张载道：“学生读的是圣贤书，此来自然是教化人心，教蕃人知礼仪，为朝廷子民。”
“那和尚呢？”见张不回答，徐平禁不住想笑。张载被契嵩折磨得不行，恐怕没有心思考虑这个问题。当然，契嵩往常也没有见过这么难说服的人，跟张载耗上了。
徐平道：“用和尚随军，让他用佛法教化蕃人，正是现在朝廷的政策，以夷制夷。顺着蕃人的喜好，遂他们所欲，为朝廷所用，为本朝蕃篱。至于你吗——”
张载灵光一显，脱口而出：“经略莫不是认为以夷之策不可靠，而要化夷为夏？”
“不错，孺子可教！”徐平点头，“诸侯用夷礼则夷之，进于中国则中国之，夷狄之有君，不如诸夏之亡也。河西河湟本来是汉唐故地，今之所谓蕃羌，百年之前多是汉人，入夷狄而忘中国之礼仪而已。晚唐司空图《河湟有感》诗：一自萧关起战尘，河湟隔断异乡春。汉人尽作胡儿语，却向城头骂汉人。则知自安史乱起，唐室无暇顾及河湟之地，数十年间汉人已化作胡儿。现如今朝廷欲要用兵西鄙，以夷制夷，让这些蕃羌作朝廷藩篱是一策，重新化他们为朝廷子民，勠力同心与朝廷一起剿灭乱贼又是一策。”
徐平前世讲历史，经常讲民族的融合，其中一句常被提起的话便是夷狄入中国则中国之，中国入夷狄则夷狄之。话的源头出自韩愈，当然韩愈本来也不是这个意思，只是后来蒙古灭宋，为了制造合法性，把这句话重新发挥了。儒家是讲夷夏大防的，中国入夷狄则夷狄之是有的，夷狄入中国则中国之最少这个年代还没有那个想法。入夷狄则为夷狄，这就是现在朝廷对于西蕃部族，不管来源是什么，一律以蕃羌视之的理论依据。
民族的交流与融合是双向的，两汉对外开拓是汉化，而唐朝对外开拓则是胡化。到安史之乱时，淮河以北已经是胡风盛行，这也是那场平叛战争打得那么辛苦的社会基础。当然对于后人，不管汉化胡化都是民族的大交流大融合，当然也不算错。正是这样的社会基础，才出现韩愈的那个说法，当然他说的是诸侯进于中国而不是夷狄进于中国。
现在朝廷在西北的总的政策是“以夷制夷”，即用西北蕃羌对付党项元昊，作为朝廷的藩篱。但徐平到了这里，却觉得这未必正确，或许变夷为夏更合适一些。
用和尚笼络蕃羌各部是“以夷制夷”，而用书生施以教化，移风易俗，就是变夷为夏。
张载明白了徐平的意思，看了看前面紧闭的大门，道：“经略有心，只是不知到这里何意？这处地方，莫不是有特殊的用意？”
徐平点头：“不错。这里是秦州纳质院，周围蕃羌数百族账，有众多质子关在这里。欲要变夷为夏，便从这个地方开始。”
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