第7章 我做好人
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作为人口过百万的天下第一大城，这些人给开封城带来了繁华，但也让整个天下不堪重负。仅仅要供应他们的口粮，每年就要数百万石。这不是因为贸易从外地运来，而是由朝廷发下的军粮，所有的本钱由朝廷承担。朝廷在禁军身上的花费，养兵多少是一，集中于京城由此而带来的运输成本是二，哪怕有汴河，这个运输成本也非常惊人。
此时天下总兵力过百万，禁军约八十万，三衙直辖禁军约三十万。除三衙直辖禁军之外，还有一部分禁军本营在京城，京城的禁军加起来约四五十万。加上他们的家属，这是一个非常庞大的数字，军人和家属就已经过了百万。当然许多军营是在开封城外，甚至是在附近的县里，但这些人口都是要由朝廷从外地运粮来养起来的。不要说就此直接把他们除了军籍，从此不管生死，就是给他们发足够的钱，他们也没地方去买粮食。
赵祯紧紧皱起眉头，此前大家考虑得比较粗疏，算除役禁军人数的时候，没有把家眷算进去。核算起来，虽然紧张，费用三司还能够应付。如果把家眷也算进去，三司赚再多的钱也填不起这个窟窿。军改的费用，高昂得有些吓人了。
徐平道：“禁军士卒纵然不持刀枪隶军籍了，依然是朝廷治下的百姓，不能够置其生死不问，一赶了之。天下百姓，没有无用之民，京城觉得他们多余，那是朝廷不对。让百姓无所事事，甚至觉得他们在这里碍事，强行驱赶，何以面对天下！害陛下盛德！”
“唉——”赵祯叹了口气。“若如此说，军制要改，实在是千难万难！该如何做？”
徐平捧笏：“军制之改，一是要从禁军中拣选出合用之人，重新整训，编练成合用的大军。今日军制难改，禁军和家眷聚于京城，呈尾大不掉之势，这教训当牢记。整训精练过的大军，不可再使其家眷随军，而是散之于天下。军人或三年或五年，如果不能升至小校军官的，一律除役。如此一来，不必从地方运粮于京师养军人家眷，养兵之费大省。二是要安排不合用的军人去处，给以衣食事小，让他们有生计能够自理，从此自己能够赚出衣食来事大。此次改革军制，立制度，择将校，募士卒，汰冗员，由枢密院行之。从禁军中裁汰出来的剩余军员，向何处去，如何安置，则由中书行之。百万之众，不是小事，急切之间无论如何也完不成。当分作数年，计划清晰，徐徐行之。”
赵祯想了一会，点了点头：“先朝俱行征兵之制，果然有其道理。兵聚于京师事小，家眷百万之众，全赖天下供养，委实不堪重负。若依你所说，则聚兵于京师，无有养其家眷之费，所省颇多。只是朝廷练一兵不易，三五年即除役，是不是太过耗费？”
“算士卒兵役，可以自其入军营起，离军营止，路上所费时日不算。入军之后，精练一年，就可编入军伍。依臣这数年时间所见，如此做已经够了，紧急时候新入军之士卒练半年也可用。役期五年，在行伍中四年，不算太过耗费。如此一来，于朝廷是省了养士卒家眷千里运粮之费，于士卒来说，家中自有生计，军俸领来贴补家用，纵然是乡间小农也立成小康之家，于国于民两便。凡理政，必要便民，才是长治久安之道。”
赵祯犹豫了一下，道：“如此军改是征兵，民服兵役是当然之理，可充差役，军俸似可发得少一些。既然要改了，那便让养兵之费就此省下去。”
徐平道：“陛下，哪怕是百万之兵，士卒军俸一年十贯，也不过是一年一千万贯。实际此时的正俸，哪怕是三衙禁军，月俸人均也不足一贯。军改之后，禄米停发，由军中统一造饭分食。不养家眷，禄米可省十之七八，运往京城的漕粮可减半数。军中赏赐钱数可依从前，粮帛不发，又可省下不少。如此算来，哪怕是军中俸禄不减，仅仅是漕粮减半，养军之费就可省去小半。有强军，而又省费，多少好事，又何必计较士卒那一点军俸呢？不但是军俸要发，参军依然可以免差役，才能让良家子到军中来。”
军费的大头，一是俸禄和各种赏赐，另一个就是高昂的运费。驻于边境，或者出境作战运粮艰难不说，就是驻于京城，运费也高昂无比。家眷不随军，仅仅省下向京城运粮的运费，就是一个巨大的数字。而不再依靠入中，由枢密院设专门机构管理军中运输，效率又提高许多，又省下一大笔钱。两者加起来就足够了，没必要再去计较将士俸禄。
军改之后招兵要召良家子，只有用各种手段，才能吸引人来参军。同样是一贯钱，在乡间比在城市重要多了，发放军俸，才能吸引农民来参军。
沉思了一会，赵祯笑道：“如此做，枢密院裁汰冗员，做恶人，中书安排出路，就是做好人了。西北一战你劳苦功高，也该当得此一好差使！”
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