第一百二十八节 400料广船
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张机器解释说这些水空是为了便于排出舱内的积水，航行的时候用特殊的木塞堵上就可以。
船板全部是杉木，底板的厚度超过20厘米，船舷板15厘米，板列宽度8～20厘米，船中部最宽，首尾逐渐变窄。船板的横向连接采用平接式，纵向连接使用平面同口连接，板缝里用捻料填塞。这是用麻丝、桐油和蛎壳灰混合成的，桐油的成分是桐油酸甘油酯，易起氧化、聚合反应，形成的漆膜坚韧耐水，蛎壳灰的碳酸钙含量在90％以上，高温烧成的石灰最适合调和桐油，石灰本身有很强的粘结性，石灰和桐油混合，能促进桐油的聚合干结，形成桐油酸钙，防水性极好。在这些船板之间还使用了铁钉进行钉联，有钉眼的地方用油灰捻料封盖。
第三、第七舱壁前设有首桅和主桅座。桅座是一块固定在舱壁和船壳上的大樟木，上面有两个方孔，方孔内插入桅夹柱，再通过桅夹柱就可以固定桅杆了。中国式帆船的一个特点是桅杆可以眠倒和拆卸的，桅杆座上设置了转轴并在舱壁上留下了搁置桅杆的方孔。
压舱物是海滩上随处可见的卵石，张机器说主要放在第三、第四舱下。两舷有龙筋木，用来铺设底舱甲板，货物和人员起居就是在这层甲板上。
船舵是用硬木制成的，虽然是一次性船只，关键部位还是不含糊的。船舵是一种原始的可升降的平衡舵，舵板上还开了不少孔，据张机器说这样能让舵操作起来省力一些，也是广船上所独有的设计。
最让文德嗣感兴趣的还是工棚里堆积的许多造船原料。特别是铁件。中国船从战国起就开始使用铁钉连接船板，到唐宋时已经完全成熟，现在亲眼看到这些东西岂不是让他兴奋不已。这里光铁钉的种类就有六七种：铲钉、方钉、枣核钉、爬头钉、扁头钉，形式各异，有不同的用处。还有一种奇特的尺形铁构件，长大概50厘米，宽5厘米，厚0.6厘米，一段摺成直角形，尺上还有四个小孔。张机器介绍说这是钉连接船板用的锔钉，作用是将外板连在舱壁上。做法是先在舱壁上预开锔槽，在外板上开孔缝，把锔钉由外向内打进并就位在舱壁的锔槽内。再用钉将锔钉固定在舱壁上。
文德嗣在船上转悠了一圈，看着这艘真正的明船，心里琢磨着，能不能把这艘船变成一艘风帆巡洋舰。但是仔细一想觉得这船还是太小，400料船的载重吨不过30～40吨，做战船最多也就6～8门大炮，其运输量对工业化所需要的海量原料来说也是太可怜。做探险船速度又太慢，看来还是要搞他最熟悉也最喜欢的双桅纵帆船。
“老张，”文德嗣说，“你觉得红毛的船怎么样？”
“船只高大，有大炮，不畏风浪海盗。”
“还有呢？”
“帆缆精妙，”张机器老老实实的说，“速度快，我曾在红毛船上看了许久，大约是因为桅杆高，帆布多，吃风大。但是真正的奥妙还是看不出来。”
“嗯，这些我都知道。”
张机器看了看文德嗣，眼神中冒出了亮光。但是他知道手艺是吃饭的本钱，这位老爷岂肯轻易告诉他，不由又黯淡下来。
文德嗣笑了笑：“我告诉你，我们所来的澳洲，专有学校教授造船。你我知道的这些船术，加起来也不过是些皮毛而已。你要是有兴趣以后自然有人教你。”
张机器忙跪下去磕了几个头：“若蒙老爷传授秘术，张机器感激不尽，一生一世为老爷们驱使。”
“嗯，你且起来。”文德嗣找了块大石头坐下，把手中的本子打开，里面是一张帆船的线图
“这船你能造么？”
张机器端详半天，这图和他在船书上看到的图完全不一样：比例严整，而且线条清晰，准确，并非简单的画个轮廓，特殊的三视图更让人有直观的感受。他暗暗咂舌――光学会这个制图之术一辈子就吃喝不愁了，这群人果然不是等闲之辈。
他问了几个比例方面的问题，约莫估算了一下，船大概在一千料上下。这么大的船张机器没造过。
“小的没造过这么大的。”张机器小心的说，“小的愿意试试看。”
文德嗣选中的船是双桅纵帆船，这种快速纵帆船操作灵活，速度快，不考虑武装的情况下，不到10人就能运作，除了载货以外，还可以载正式乘客30人。非常适合远洋冒险和海商巡逻作战。著名的美洲号就是一艘双桅纵帆船，它在1851年的帆船赛中夺冠，全部水手连船长只有9人。后来在南北战争期间曾经作为南军的走私船。排水量170吨，全长30米，宽7米。吃水3米。配备两门24磅短炮（舷炮）和一门12磅长炮（中央回转炮位），如果配备更轻的6磅炮，可安装6～8门。
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