第九节 平板玻璃生产线
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“你说，什么问题？”
“季师傅说要经常注意看坩锅里的玻璃液，但是这个坩锅有盖子，每次要看都得把坩锅移出来――上次王师傅说到熔炼的时侯特别讲过要保持好温度。既然这样为什么不把盖子去掉呢？这样不就可以在炉口直接看到坩锅里面了？”
“因为玻璃是不能受到污染的，否则就做不出澄清无暇的模样来了。煤烟容易飞散，开口的坩锅里会掉进去。明白了吗？”
众学徒一起点头。这时又有学徒举手了：“为什么不用木柴烧火？木材烧起来比这种黑煤干净。”
“好，问得好。”
接着他解释了几分钟燃料的热值、成本和获取的难易度问题。众学徒听得似懂非懂。
要把这群几个月还在城市乡间流浪，大字不识一个的明代流浪儿培养成新的产业工人，工业众算是不遗余力到了极点了。技能培养还算容易，中国人向来以吃苦耐劳，聪明勤恳著称的，但是培养出新的思维模式却不是一蹴而就的事情。反正能讲则讲，不求能理解，先把观念灌输进去再说。
季思退问：“你们叫什么名字？”
“我叫孙兴。”“我叫黄中山。”
“你能提出这样的问题很好。”季思退不遗余力的夸奖着。这样的孩子不多见，得大大的鼓励才行。
玻璃液在经过一整夜的熔炼之后，俩人一组小心的用抬架将坩锅从火窑里取出，小心的放入天车下的一个铁质框架上。这个铁质的框架两侧都安装有长手柄，以便于倾倒。
此时坩锅里的玻璃液已经出于红热的状态，黏稠度也恰到好处。坩锅被吊起来由天车运到到生铁的浇注台上。
浇注台最早是在结实的石头台面上铺上铜板构成的。当时的人们认为，铜材弄脏熔融玻璃的程度小于铁材。但是后来在实际生产中发现，铜材在玻璃液浇注到上面的时侯很容易开裂。一旦开裂这块铜板就彻底报废了。
英国人在19世纪的中期进行了改进，使用生铁作为平台。穿越者完全模仿了英国人的设计，虽然没有那个台子那么巨大。但是结构完全类似，也安装了脚轮。这样浇注台就可以直接被推倒各个退火窑的门口。不用再使用专门的工具和载具进行移动了。
机械部门还做了一些小的改进――在浇注台和退火窑之间铺设了简易的铁轨，这是一种直接镶入硬质地面的建议小铁轨，不使用枕木。但是可以大大的节约人力――毕竟推动一个8吨多的台子也是不件轻松的活。
玻璃液被从坩锅里倾倒到台面上之后，工人们就用一个铁质的碾辊将胶状的熔融玻璃推平。平台的四周是用铁条的，保证玻璃液不会被推倒地上。
整个浇注工作顺利的完成了，被倾倒在浇注台上的玻璃液被很容易的碾平成为一块块的平板玻璃，根据每次倒入的玻璃液的数量不同，还可以控制玻璃板的厚度。然后就是长达10天的退火了。
“这个的确比什么吹管法好用了。”季思退目睹第一批平板玻璃送入退火窑，兴奋的对王洛宾说。
“事还没完呢，退火结束之后还要进行碾磨才能用。”王洛宾说。他记得在书上看到过，这是项非常缓慢辛苦的活计。
在浇注过程中玻璃板上面与碾辊接触，下面和铁板接触，表面比较毛糙。得进行打磨和抛光处理。
打磨工作是在石质平台上进行的，根据王洛宾的要求，采石场专门采了一块大青石，这是种质地细腻，硬度小的石材，作为碾磨平台最合适不过。
碾磨的过程是这样的：需要碾磨的玻璃板下面涂上一层石灰以免其在打磨的时侯移动。再在需要打磨的平板玻璃上另放一块小一半的玻璃板，上面的玻璃板上粘有一块木板，在木板上再固定一只由轻质硬木做的水平轮。接着这只轮子可以将上面的玻璃板来回的移动，从而可以在两块玻璃板之间形成稳定的摩擦。为了增加摩擦效果，要在两块玻璃板之间注入水和细沙。碾磨台的四周还要安装凸起的边缘挡条保证水和砂不会流失掉。
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