第三十七节 下乡笔记抄续
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说到这里，这位妇女干部的眼圈都红了。我深感在卫生保健这一领域，我们要做得工作还很多。
交谈中我感到这位妇女干部工作态度非常认真，有一股子把事情钻下去做到底的劲头。
随后，应我的要求，会计拿出了村里的土地和户籍档案。不但有详细的土地登记，还有略图。全村的耕地块非常整齐，是典型的我们测量员的作品。会计说：“这些耕地都是‘首长的徒弟’丈量的。每亩面积完全一样。不再有大亩小亩的区别。”
因为亩的面积完全一样，在分地的时候就不得不考虑好地坏地的问题，当时总得原则是“以产定数”，大致就是分到好地的就少分，分到坏地多分。考虑这样可以大致拉平各家各户的总收入。
但是会计说这样实践下来问题很大。分到坏地的农户要投入更多的劳力去生产，反而加剧了他们的负担。
“没有大牲口，种20亩好地都吃力，何况有的人家分得地差，要种三四十亩！”会计说，“很多人为了图省事，就种不大需要伺候的红薯、杂粮。为了这分地的好坏，村里不少人有意见。要按照我们老家的习惯，好地坏地水田旱地，一亩的大小都是不一样的，反而要公平些。”
关于这个情况，我已经不止一次听到村干部和村民反应，看来我们工作中“拍脑袋决策”还是太多了，对实际面对情况的复杂性估计不足。
除了分地面积上的问题，农民的个人积极性没有充分调动出来，许多移民不熟悉稻作生产，而天地会不组织生产他们熟悉的小麦、谷子、高粱，也不提供相应的种子和技术指导，许多农户就采取粗放式的种植，产量很低。
会计说移民一开始有怪话：种了一辈子地，现在还要几个南蛮子来当夫子，教自己种地。现在怪话少了，但村民还是很想种小麦。
这些鲜活的情况提醒我，移民的教育不是一朝一夕的事情。农村工作要从实际出发，分类指导，不能一刀切。尤其是每亩地的实际面积并不一样这一点，更使我体会到农村的数字概念有较大弹性，甚至可以由村里人约定俗成。这一点不符合标准化，但在农村的确有一定合理性。如何能兼顾到合理性又能坚持标准化，看来是一个考验我们执政能力的课题。
户籍档案因半年没人查看，许多页粘到了一起。我翻来翻去，看不出农村人口的流动，除去生育和死亡人口，建村以来都没有变化。但具体一打听，有十几个农民已招工去了临高和琼山，不在本村居住了。因为没有迁徙户口，户籍档案未能及时准确的反映。
接下来我走访了村里的几户人家，第一户是村会计，他家里有5口人，3个女孩，大女儿二女儿是妻子改嫁带过来的，只有小女儿是在当地出生的。这样的重新组合家庭在各个移民村落里是很多见的。
他家分了30亩地，有水田有旱地，番薯年亩产500多斤，水稻年亩产300来斤，加上当会计的补贴，在村里算是好的。因而家里有较多的日用工业品，吃粮中的细粮比例也高一些。
从会计家出来，我又顺路随机走访3户农民。其中一户中年两口子带两个儿子，大儿子20岁了，年前在甲子煤矿打工肩部受伤后病退回家，如今在家务农，因为干不了重活收入受到很大影响，没钱也娶不上媳妇。小儿子最初在家，去年招工去了三亚，但也积不到什么钱，春节前回村是空手进家门。老两口现在的最大希望是是两个儿子能找到媳妇－－却因为彩礼问题希望渺茫。
这个家庭的境况，是农村的一个小小缩影。以前我也调查过一些农户，多数出去打工的未婚年轻人，经济上对父母几乎没有什么资助，自己能成家立业就算不错。不言而喻，农民收入翻番的“账”还要重新算算，切不可盲目乐观，要采取多渠道综合增收的措施。
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