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夫当今生民之患，果安在哉？在于知安而不知危，能逸而不能劳。龙腾小说ltxs520.com此其患不见于今，而将见于他日。今不为之计，其后将有所不可救者。
昔者先王知兵之不可去也，是故天下虽平，不敢忘战。秋冬之隙，致民田猎以讲武，教之以进退坐作之方，使其耳目习于钟鼓旌旗之间而不乱，使其心志安于斩刈杀伐之际而不慑。是以虽有盗贼之变，而民不至于惊溃。
及至后世，用迂儒之议，以去兵为王者之盛节。天下既定，则卷甲而藏之。数十年之后，甲兵顿弊，而人民日以安于佚乐；卒有盗贼之警，则相与恐惧讹言，不战而走。开元、天宝之际，天下岂不大治？惟其民安于太平之乐，豢于游戏酒食之间；其刚心勇气，销耗钝眊，痿蹶而不复振。是以区区之禄山一出而乘之，四方之民，兽奔鸟窜，乞为囚虏之不暇，天下分裂，而唐室固以微矣。
盖尝试论之：天下之势，譬如一身。王公贵人所以养其身者，岂不至哉？而其平居常苦于多疾。至于农夫小民，终岁勤苦，而未尝告病，此其故何也？夫风雨霜露寒暑之变，此疾之所由生也。农夫小民，盛夏力作，而穷冬暴露，其筋骸之所冲犯，肌肤之所浸渍，轻霜露而狎风雨，是故寒暑不能为之毒。今王公贵人，处于重屋之下，出则乘舆，风则袭裘，雨则御盖。凡所以虑患之具，莫不备至。畏之太甚，而养之太过，小不如意，则寒暑入之矣。是以善养身者，使之能逸而能劳；步趋动作，使其四体狃于寒暑之变；然后可以刚健强力，涉险而不伤。夫民亦然。今者治平之日久，天下之人，骄惰脆弱，如妇人孺子，不出于闺门。论战斗之事，则缩颈而股栗；闻盗贼之名，则掩耳而不愿听。而士大夫亦未尝言兵，以为生事扰民，渐不可长。此不亦畏之太甚，而养之太过欤？
且夫天下固有意外之患也。愚者见四方之无事，则以为变故无自而有，此亦不然矣。今国家所以奉西北二虏者，岁以百万计。奉之者有限，而求之者无厌，此其势必至于战。战者必然之势也。不先于我，则先于彼；不出于西，则出于北。所不可知者，有迟速远近，而要以不能免也。
天下苟不免于用兵，而用之不以渐，使民于安乐无事之中，一旦出身而蹈死地，则其为患必有不测。故曰：天下之民，知安而不知危，能逸而不能劳，此臣所谓大患也。臣欲使士大夫尊尚武勇，讲习兵法；庶人之在官者，教以行阵之节；役民之司盗者，授以击刺之术。每岁终则聚于郡府，如古都试之法，有胜负，有赏罚，而行之既久，则又以军法从事。然议者必以为无故而动民，又挠以军法，则民将不安，而臣以为此所以安民也。天下果未能去兵，则其一旦将以不教之民而驱之战。夫无故而动民，虽有小怨，然熟与夫一旦之危哉？
今天下屯聚之兵，骄豪而多怨，陵压百姓，而邀其上者，何故？此其心，以为天下之知战者，惟我而已。如使平民皆习于兵，彼知有所敌，则固以破其奸谋，而折其骄气。利害之际，岂不亦甚明欤？
【校注】此篇不见于原本古文观止。校以四部丛刊影宋版《经进东坡文集事略》卷十七。
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