437地图上的文明
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“也正是太阳直she到不同的位置。所以，我们才有了夏秋冬，我们才有了分，夏至，秋分，和东至。”尚文不知道这个时候有没有这些秋分，冬夏至。不管有没有，这些知识必须普及。
“秋分的时候。太阳直she点在赤道上。冬夏至的时候，他在南北回归线上。”尚文说道。
“我们既然已知太阳直she点的ri期，角度。那么我们就可以用这个，来测量太阳的高度，和水平线之间的角度。通过一定的公式换算。”尚文说着把公式写在黑板上。黑板全是锅底黑。尚文自己不知道，以至于手上全是黑。
&nbsz=sinφsinδ+ost
“这就是公式。”尚文在黑板上写上几个数学符号。底下人一片议论。他们不明白尚文为什么画了这么符。难道要驱邪吗？尚文顾不上这么多。时间已经过去了半个小时。后面的大钟已经敲响了一声。
“我们通过计算就可以得出该地的纬度φ。式中z是天体天顶距9o度减去地平高度，δ是天体的赤纬，t是时角，可以由地方恒星时与天体赤经相减得出，恒星时也可以通过简单计算得到。如果是由太阳位置计算地理纬度，更简便的算法是”尚文说着又拿起球形粉笔写到δ=z+δ。
“通过这个，我们可以更快的计算出纬度。”尚文写完说道。
“那么我们来解释一下，什么是纬度。”尚文说着就拿出一个铁丝变成的球。
“就如这些一道道横着编制的铁丝。这就是我们的纬度。他绕着地球一圈。一直到顶点。”尚文说道。
“他们顺着东西方向,环绕地球仪一周的圆圈,叫做纬线。所有的纬线都相互平行,并与经线垂直,纬线指示东西方向。纬线圈的大小不等,赤道为最大的纬线圈,从赤道向两极纬线圈逐渐缩小,到南、北两极缩小为点。经线和纬线是人们为了在地球上确定位置和方向，在地球仪和地图上画出来的，地面上并没有画着经纬线。不过，你想要看到你所在地方的经线并不难：立一根竹竿在地上，当中午太阳升得最高的时候，竹竿的yin影就是你所在地方的经线。因为经线指示南北方向，所以，经线又叫子午线。经线和纬线是相互垂直的。”
“时间不多了。还有最后一点时间，马上就要下课了。我可不能拖堂。经纬线的意义在于，我们可以不依靠地理事物来确定我们自己的位置。通过计算纬度坐标，我们可以更加jing确的确定自己的位置。如果用在地图上，那么我们的文明就会向前跨进一大步。”尚文说完。下课的钟声敲响。
“哦。好吧。我们下课。”尚文耸耸肩说道。
[记住网址龙腾小说ltxs520.com]
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