944资本扩张时代
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这是一个资本扩张的时代资本带來了一次巨大的革命这次革命的力量远远超过了任何人的想象他似乎不受任何人的意志控制同时又受任何人意志的控制这就是资本
韩国经济高速发展的背后离不开资本扩张的力量
秦国尚文的改革特别是在金融资本方面的重大改革极大的让这种资本扩张的力量迸发出來
秦国首先改变的是赋税征收对象的改变这一点对秦国的资本解放非常的重要在秦国之前赋税征收的对象是实物或者是劳力兵役除外即便是到了封建王朝鼎盛的唐朝依然是实物为主不过却将兵役划分开來随后的几个封建王朝依然是如此
但到了明朝的时候张居正一条鞭法的赋税改革才初步的改变了这种情况也就说到了明朝的时候货币在赋税中才奠定了其作用之前任何一个王朝都不是以货币为结算单位这也就是为什么在中国历史上资本主义发展在明朝的时候才开始如果货币不能在国家的赋税中奠定一个基础的作用而且国家赋税不能以货币作为结算的话那么货币的作用就无法奠定
尚文的改革第一项就是将货币的作用凸显出來国家的赋税征收对象一下子变成了货币而以货币为单位征收赋税的意义重大
首先出现货币之后国家将不再把货币看成一个辅助工具來对待最期满国家要重视货币的作用不像汉朝一样国家的铸币权一开始竟然在私人手中这实在是难以想象国家重视货币之后货币就要和国家政府信用联系在一起这样一來国家的货币就有了一个稳定的基础这个基础将直接影响一个国家生活的各个方面所以货币的出现将所有的东西都联系在了一块在也就促进了一个国家经济的紧密联系程度秦国首先做到了这一点这也是秦国秦半两纸币在各国迅速拓展的主要原因秦半两代表着是秦国秦国的实力代表就是秦半两犹如罗马的金币一样
其次在国家奠定货币的基础之后所有的赋税都将以货币的形式结算这样一來国家征收赋税的对象就会一下子拓展很多领域比如商业而且国家为了能够更多的赋税自然开始在商业方面倾斜一些赋税这些是很明显的
商业活动是产生赋税最多的地方特别是在税率无法增加的基础上只有努力扩大税源才能增加赋税的总量秦国想明白这个问題之后就开始慢慢的转变原來的国家基本国策政府开始慢慢的有意扶持一些商业项目只要能够赚钱政府就会鼓励甚至是主动引导人们如何参与其中这也是秦国商业发达的秘密如果放在过去秦国是无法转变这样一个已经实行了一百三十多年的国策
一开始尚文要挑战的就是这个国策转变这样的国策需要的难度已经超过了尚文的想象但是尚文在赋税上的一次转变竟然无意间就转变了这是尚文无法想象
以货币作为结算单位的赋税改革带來的影响是秦国鼓励商业活动的拓展并且开始利用资本活动为国家服务这就进一步为资本的拓展带來一个很大的发展空间这个空间的拓展进一步促使了秦国的进一步强大
最后货币带來的革命影响极为广阔货币的意义在于他能将一切事物联系起來货币开始真正意义上的代表财富财富的具体意义变得具体起來而在之前的秦国财富的意义是非常的模糊的真金美玉权力美丽的建筑这些都是财富的象征但是具体用作衡量的标准却沒有一个统一的标准货币的出现的意义就是将这些财富统一起來有一个稳定的标尺他的意义是人们不再模糊各种社会资源比如黄金以及各种建筑资源等等这些有了一个衡量的标准这个标准就是货币可以说货币的意义异常的重大
而在整个封建王朝时代因为社会财富的模糊人们利用资源的能力并不是很高因为财富的象征意义非常的模糊化尚文的这种改革就是将财富具体化了而且货币联系整个社会的各种资源这为社会化大生产的资源分配带來了极大的便利
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