第1058章：鼓励生育
最新网址：m.ltxsdz.com
“鲁道夫陛下在开国典礼上宣称‘寇拉斯王国是属于全体远东人的国家’，‘我们的政府永远站在大多数民众那一边’，‘为实现多数人的幸福而奋斗’，那么请问在我们这个国家里，也包括世界上任何一个国家，占据人口多数的是嫡长子吗？既然社会上占多数的并不是嫡长子，那么沿用旧的继承法，维护那些只因为投胎时运气好就能坐享其成的极少数寄生虫，对没有继承权的社会大众而言真的公平吗？”
梅纳德不愧是名律师，这番话说的慷慨激昂掷地有声。龙腾小说ltxs520.com柳德米拉禁不住鼓起掌来，完全赞成废除长子继承权。
罗兰依旧不动声色的看了梅纳德一眼，暗自给这位司法大臣头上贴了一张“左派”标签。当然，梅纳德的“左”是相对内阁里其它大臣而言。
罗兰承认梅纳德对长子继承权的批判很有说服力，特别是在道德层面上占据了绝对高度，隐含人人生而自由平等的民权精神。
但是立法不能光有崇高的精神或者善意的初衷，出发点很好的政策在实行过程中未必能收到好的效果，这要根据现实环境而定。
法国在拿破仑时代就废除了长子继承法，公布了体现自由平等精神的新继承法，同一时期英国坚持实行长子继承法，直到1925年英国议会才废除了平民阶层的长子继承权，又过了将近一个世纪，直到2013年才修订王位继承法，废除了王室和贵族的长子继承权。
那么能据此认定英国人比法国人更愚昧落后，更保守反动吗？对照历史来看，恐怕不能简单的得出上述结论。
假设一个家庭有50亩地和5个儿女，可以维持小康生活，按照新继承法，家长死后将农田平均分配给所有儿女，那么每个儿女只能继承10亩地，分了地各自组建小家庭的儿女靠这10亩地只能维持温饱而已，儿女的儿女继续均分土地，土地越分越小，结果就是耕地碎片化，所有农民一起受穷——这正是实行新继承法之后法国曾经遭遇的困境。
继续深入思考，罗兰认为上述假设在远东并不成立。因为法国的情况是人多地少，而远东的现状是地广人稀，大量肥沃的土地没有得到开垦，土地本身并不是一种稀缺资源，人口才是稀缺资源。
另一方面，罗兰正打算在乡村推行公社和企业化大农场，要把有限的人力集中起来开垦荒地，增加农田面积。那些通过长子继承、世代积累而占有大片农田的地主是现有土地制度的既得利益者，日子过的很舒坦，非但没有动力加入集体农场还会怨恨集体农场带来的竞争；倒是那些只拥有小块土地的自耕农更有动力加入农场，反正自己那一亩三分地种不出什么花样，勉强糊口而已，加入农场最起码生活质量不会比现在更差，还可能变得更好。至于那些早已失去土地的佃农和农奴，显然更有动力摆脱大地主的奴役加入集体农场，用劳动换取更合理的报酬。
基于上述现实，罗兰认为梅纳德草拟的新继承法将对地主阶层造成沉重打击，使其土地无法集中于长子一人之手，而要分配给众多的子女，这样世代传承，大地主变成小地主，小地主变成自耕农，最终大多数地主的后代也会选择加入国有农场，成为乡村公社的一名普通社员，到那时候，地主作为一个社会阶层也就不复存在了。
从这一角度来看，梅纳德立主废除长子继承制、改为平等继承制，其实是一种广义上的“推恩令”，是彻底破除封建宗法制度与土地兼并现象的杀手锏，与罗兰倡导的乡村治理和土地改革政策可谓珠联璧合相得益彰。
“梅纳德先生，我完全支持您的提案。”经过充分思考，罗兰最终表明了立场。
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