第54节
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杨用之的本事不怎么好，但以他的性格随和，所以交游甚广，加以遇着胡雪岩，不知不觉地提起了谈兴，讲了许多时人的轶闻，最后谈到湖州府的人物，他提起一个人叫钱江，问王有龄认不认识？
“我听说过他，是湖州府长兴县人，曾跟我们福建的林文忠公，一起遣戍伊犁，由此出名。龙腾小说ltxsba.com听说他是个奇士。想来林文忠公所赏识的人物，总不会错的。”王有龄问道：“怎么老夫子忽然提到这个人，莫非有他的新闻？”
“也好说是新闻。不过这条新闻，与各州县利害关系甚大，还不知道朝廷的主张如何？”
“喔，要请教。”
“这要从一位达官谈起，雷以諴其人，东翁总知道？”
“知道。”王有龄说，“此公湖北人，以左副御史会同河道总督巡视黄河口岸。前些日子看邸抄，说他自请讨贼，现在募了一万人，驻军江北高邮，扼守扬州东南，很打了几场胜仗。”
“是的，钱江就在他幕府里。”杨用之说，“有兵无饷，仗是打不下去的，朝廷的宗旨，反正只要你能募兵筹饷，自己去想办法，无不赞成的。听说钱江现在为雷军划一策，在水陆要冲，设局设卡，凡行商经过，看他所带货物，估价抽税，大致千取其一，称为‘厘捐’，除了行商，当地店铺亦照此抽税。收入颇为可观，听说各省都有仿照的意思。只是此法病商，朝廷或者不许。”
杨用之所谈的新闻，以及认为在创议中的“厘捐”会“病商”的见解，恰好给了王有龄一个机会，聘用刑、钱两幕友，他跟胡雪岩曾仔细谈过，刑名是外行，非倚托秦寿门不可，所以先要考一考他的本事。钱谷则王有龄自
己就很精通，但幕友的传统，向来独立办事，不喜东家干涉，平和的还表面上有所敷衍，专断的根本就置之不理，所以胡雪岩设计，由他自己用感情来笼络杨用之，而王有龄则要拿点本事给他看看，这样双管齐下，让杨用之怀德畏威，把他收服，才能指挥如意。所以王有龄听了他的话，觉得不妨趁些机会，展示所学。
“‘病商’恐未必！”他一开口就是辩驳语气，“本朝的赋税制度，异于前代，一遇用兵之时，必须另筹军费，以我看，开办‘厘捐’，比较起来，还不失为利多害少的好办法。”
这笼统一句话，是做文章的一个“帽子”，王有龄既有炫耀之意，便得从头讲起。自古以来，国家岁收的主要项目，就是地了与钱粮，明朗未年不断“加派”，搞得民不聊生，庄稼人苦得要死，到最后只好弃地而逃，此为“流寇”猖獗，终以亡明的一大关键。
清兵入关，到圣祖平定三藩之乱，始得奠定国基。鉴于前朝之失，颁发“永不加赋”的诏令，此为清朝的一大仁政，亦为满族得以长主中原的一大凭借。后世诸帝，对圣祖的这个诏谕，信守不坠。此外国家岁收，还有关税、盐课两项，但地丁占岁收总额的三分之二，既有永不加赋的限制，则岁收就有了定额。风调雨顺、刀兵不起的太平岁月，固然可以支应，但一遇用兵，额外的军费负担，即无着落，倘或水旱年荒，一面要减免丁漕，一面要办赈济，收入减少，支出增加，又如何应付？再如刀兵水旱一齐来，火上加油，两面发烧，更是件不得了的事。
“这有两个办法弥补，一靠平时蓄积。”王有龄从容议论：“虽然天子富有四海，国家收入与宫廷收入，还是有区分的。这个制度从汉朝就很完备了，‘大司农’掌国家度支，‘少府’管天子的私财。私财有余，国币不足，国家必乱。宋太祖平服十国，所得金银珍宝虽输于内府，但另行封存，称为‘封桩银’。他的打算是积到相当数目，要把‘燕云十六州’买回来。可惜徽宗不肖，以内府所积，用来起‘民岳’，才有金兵入寇之事。前明更不必说，户部穷得要命，宫内蓄积如山，到最后，白白便宜了‘流寇’。本朝就不同了，蓄只于国库而非内务府。”
接着王有龄便举了几个户部存银的数目，康熙四十八年到过五千万两，最后剩下八百万两，但雍正十三年的极力整顿，到乾隆即位时，库存到了前所未有的六千万两的巨数，以后乾隆四十六年，到过七千万两。但嘉庆以后就不行了，到道光朝更是每况愈下。
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