第385节
最新网址：m.ltxsdz.com
“还不是他的‘沃不烂，煮不熟’的老脾气又发作了。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com”
“沃不烂、煮不熟”也是杭州的俚语，有刚愎自用之意。接着，汪惟贤举左宗棠在军机处议俄约及“海防”一事，来支持他的看法。
原来新疆回民起义一起，俄国以保侨为名。出兵占领了伊犁，扬言暂时接管，回民起义一平，即当交还中国，及至左宗棠西征，先后克复乌鲁木齐、
吐鲁番等重镇，天山南北路次第平靖，开始议及规夏伊犁、要求俄国实践诺言，而俄国推三阻四，久假不归的本意，逐渐暴露。于是左宗棠挟兵力以争，相持不下。这样到了光绪四年秋天，朝议决走循正式外交途径以求了结，特派左都御史崇厚为出使俄国饮差大臣，又赏内大臣衔，为与俄议约的全权大臣，许他便宜行事。
这年腊月，崇厚取道法德两国，抵达俄京圣彼得堡，立即与俄国外务部尚书格尔思展开谈判。谈了半年才定议，而且崇厚以“便宜行事”的“全权大臣”资格，在黑海附近，签订了《里瓦几亚条约》，内容是割伊犁以西以南之地予俄，偿付“兵费”五百万卢布，增开通商口岸多处，许俄人通商西安、汉中、汉口，以及松花江至伯都呐贸易自由。
消息传回国内，舆论大哗，痛责崇厚丧权辱国。而崇厚敢于订此条约，是因为背后有两个强有力的人在支持，一个是军机大臣沈桂芬，他是朝中足以与“北派”领袖李鸿藻抗衡的“南派”领袖，深得两宫太后的信任。一个是直隶总督北洋大臣李鸿章，以继承曾国藩的衣钵标榜，在军务与洋务两方面的势力，已根深柢固，难以摇撼。在议约的半年中，崇厚随时函商，获得沈、李二人的同意，才敢放心签约，而且未经请旨，即起程回国，留参赞邵友廉署理出使大臣。
沈桂芬、李鸿章虽都赞成伊犁条约而动机不同。沈桂芬是因为僵持的局面持续，朝廷即不能不派重兵防守，左宗棠的洋债就不能不借，长此以往，浩繁的军费会搞得民穷财尽，用心可说是委曲求全。
李鸿章就不同了，多少是有私心的，第一，如果中俄交恶而至于决裂，一旦开战，俄国出动海军，必攻天津，身为北洋大臣的李鸿章，就不知道拿什么抵挡了，其次，左宗棠不断借洋债扩充势力，自非李鸿章所乐见，伊犁事件一结束，左宗棠班师还朝，那就无异解甲归田了。
无奈崇厚的交涉办得实在不高明，两宫震怒，士林痛诋，连恭王与沈桂芬主持的总署——总理各国事务衙门行走的诸大臣，亦觉得过于委屈，有改议的必要。
于是朝命以出使俄国大臣崇厚不候谕旨，擅自启程回国的罪名，开缺交部严加议处。所议的俄约，交六部九卿、翰詹科道妥议具奏。这就是明朝的所谓“延议”。
廷议的结果，崇厚所签的条约，无一可许，两宫因而召开“御前会议”，慈禧太后原想严办崇厚，加以“翰林四谏”中的宝连与黄体芳，上奏力攻崇厚，而且语中侵及李鸿章与恭王，这一来，崇厚便免不了革职拿问，交刑部议罪，虽非。铛入狱，而软禁在刑部提牢司的“火房”中，这度日如年的况味，也就可想而知了。
此举是抵触“万国公法”的，各国公使，群起抗议，但朝廷不为所动，一面派使英兼使法的钦差大臣、曾国藩的长子曾纪泽兼使俄，谋求改约，一面将崇厚走了“斩监”的罪名。不过，朝廷亦并未放弃和平解决的意愿，备战以外，由李鸿章策动英、法、德三国公使，出面调停，免了崇厚的死刑，但仍监禁，然后曾纪泽才在光绪六年六月，由伦敦动身赴俄，修订崇约。
交涉开始之时不会顺利，是可想而知的。幸而曾纪泽不愧名父之子，运用他对“万国公法”的知识、出使的经验及关系，促请英、法驻俄公使的协助，在左宗棠到京的前两天，与格尔思改走了约稿，伊犁收回，嘉峪通商，不明定可通至某处，松花江通航取消，只是赔偿“军费”增加四百万卢布，
共为九百万。
当中俄关系紧张时，李鸿章提出“海防论”的主张，与左宗棠的“陆防论”针峰相对。及至左宗棠到京入军机，先议俄约，由于曾纪泽挽回利权之多，超过朝野的期望，左宗棠亦表示满意，无甚争执，后议李鸿章“海防”
的计划，他的话就多了，由海防谈到陆防，一转而为西睡的形势，与他在新疆用兵的经过，滔滔不绝，目无余子，军机处只听得他一个人又说又笑，“礼绝百僚”的恭王，默坐一两个时辰，连句话都插不上。
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