１２ 国人暴动
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在成王、康王统治的时期，周朝政局比较安定。龙腾小说网ltxsba.com后来，由于奴隶主贵族加重剥削，加上不断发动战争，平民和奴隶的不满情绪也随着增长。周朝的统治者为了镇压人民，采用十分严酷的刑罚。周穆王的时候，制订了三千条刑法，犯法的人受的刑罚有五种，叫做“五刑”。像额上刺字、割鼻、砍脚等等。但是，刑罚再严，也阻止不了人民的反抗。
到了西周第十个王周厉王即位后，对人民的压迫更重了。周厉王宠信一个名叫荣夷公的大臣，实行“专利”，他们霸占了一切湖泊、河流，不准人民利用这些天然资源谋生；他们还勒索财物，虐待人民。
那时候，住在野外的农夫叫“野人”，住在都城里的平民叫“国人”。周都镐京的国人不满厉王的暴虐措施，怨声载道。
大臣召公虎听到国人的议论越来越多，进宫告诉厉王说：“百姓忍受不了啦，大王如果不趁早改变做法，出了乱子就不好收拾了。”
厉王满不在乎地说：“你不用急，我自有办法对付。”
于是，他下了一道命令，禁止国人批评朝政，还从卫国找来一个巫师，要他专门刺探批评朝政的人，说：如果发现有人在背后诽谤我，你就立即报告。”
卫巫为了讨好厉王，派了一批人到处察听。那批人还敲诈勒索，谁不服他们，他们就随便诬告。
厉王听信了卫巫的报告，杀了不少国人。在这样的压力下，国人真的不敢在公开场合里议论了。人们在路上碰到熟人，也不敢交谈招呼，只交换了一个眼色，就匆匆地走开。
厉王见卫巫报告批评朝政的人渐渐少了下来，十分满意。有一次，召公虎去见厉王，厉王洋洋得意地说：“你看，这回儿不是已经没有人议论了吗？”
召公虎叹了一口气说：“唉，这怎么行呢？堵住人的嘴，不让人说话，比堵住河流还要危险哪！治水必须疏通河道，让水流到大海；治国家也是一样，必须引导百姓说话。硬堵住河流，就要决口；硬堵住人的嘴，是要闯大祸的呀！”
厉王撇撇嘴，不去理他，召公虎只好退出。
厉王和荣夷公的暴政越来越厉害，过了三年，也就是公元前841年，国人忍无可忍，终于举行了一次大规模的暴动。起义的国人围攻王宫，要杀厉王。厉王得知风声，慌慌忙忙带了一批人逃命，一直逃过黄河，到彘（音zhi，今山西霍县东北）地方才停下来。
国人打进王宫，没有搜到厉王。有人探知厉王的太子靖逃到召公虎家躲了起来，又围住召公虎家，要召公虎交出太子。召公虎没奈何，只好把自己的儿子冒充太子送出去，才算把太子保护了下来。
厉王出走后，朝廷里没有国王，怎么办呢。经大臣们商议，由召公虎和另一个大臣周公主持贵族会议，暂时代替周天子行使职权，历史上称为“共和行政”。从共和元年，也就是公元前841年起，中国历史才有了确切的纪年。
共和行政维持了十四年之后，周厉王在彘死去。大臣们立太子姬静即位，就是周宣王。宣王在政治上比较开明，得到诸侯的支持。但是，经过这一场国人暴动，周朝统治者已经外强中干，兴盛不起来啦！
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