６０ 萧曹两相国
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汉惠帝即位第二年，年老的相国萧何病重。更多小说ltxsba.com汉惠帝亲自去探望他，还问他将来谁来接替他合适。
萧何不愿意表示意见，只说：“谁还能像陛下那样了解臣下呢？”
汉惠帝问他：“你看曹参怎么样？”
萧何和曹参早年都是沛县的官吏，跟随汉高祖一起起兵。两个人本来关系很好，后来曹参立了不少战功，可是他的地位比不上萧何。两个人就不那么和好。但是萧何知道曹参是个治国的人才，所以汉惠帝一提到他，他也表示赞成，说：
“陛下的主意错不了。有曹参接替，我死了也安心了。”
曹参本来是个将军，汉高祖封他长子刘肥做齐王的时候，叫曹参做齐相。那时候，天下刚安定下来，曹参到了齐国，召集齐地的父老和儒生一百多人，问他们应该怎样治理百姓。这些人说了一些意见，但是各有各的说法，不知听哪个才好。
后来，曹参打听到当地有一个挺有名望的隐士，叫盖公。曹参把他请了来，向他请教。这个盖公是相信黄老学说的（黄老就是指黄帝老子），主张治理天下的人应该清静无为，让老百姓过安定的生活。
曹参依了盖公的话，尽可能不多去打扰百姓。他做了九年齐相，齐国所属的七十多座城都比较安定。
萧何一死，汉惠帝马上命令曹参进长安，接替做相国。曹参还是用盖公清静无为的办法，一切按照萧何已经规定的章程办事，什么也不变动。
有些大臣看曹参这种无所作为的样子，有点着急，也有的去找他，想帮他出点主意。但是他们一到曹参家里，曹参就请他们一起喝酒。要是有人在他跟前提起朝廷大事，他总是把话岔开，弄得别人没法开口。最后客人喝得醉醺醺地回去，什么也没有说。
汉惠帝看到曹相国这副样子，认为他是倚老卖老，瞧不起他，心里挺不踏实。
曹参的儿子曹-（音zhu），在皇宫里侍候惠帝。惠帝嘱咐他说：“你回家的时候，找个机会问问你父亲：高祖归了天，皇上那么年轻，国家大事全靠相国来主持。可您天天喝酒，不管事，这么下去，怎么能够治理好天下呢？看你父亲怎么说。”
曹-趁假期回家去的时候，就照惠帝的话一五一十跟曹参说了。
曹参一听，就上火了，他骂着说：“你这种毛孩子懂得个什么，国家大事也轮到你来噜苏。”说着，竟叫仆人拿板子来，把曹-打了一顿。
曹-莫名其妙地受了责打，非常委屈，回宫的时候当然向汉惠帝诉说了。汉惠帝也感到很不高兴。
第二天，曹参上朝的时候，惠帝就对他说：“曹-跟你说的话，是我叫他说的，你打他干什么？”
曹参向惠帝请了罪，接着说：“请问陛下，您跟高祖比，哪一个更英明？”
汉惠帝说：“那还用说，我怎么能比得上高皇帝。”
曹参说：“我跟萧相国比较，哪一个能干？”
汉惠帝不禁微微一笑，说：“好像不如萧相国。”
曹参说：“陛下说的话都对。陛下不如高皇帝，我又不如萧相国。高皇帝和萧相国平定了天下，又给我们制订了一套规章。我们只要按照他们的规定照着办，不要失职就是了。”
汉惠帝这才有点明白过来。
曹参用他的黄老学说，做了三年相国。由于那时候正在长期战争的动乱之后，百姓需要安定，他那套办法没有给百姓增加更多的负担。因此，当时有人编了歌谣称赞萧何和曹参。历史上把这件事称为“萧规曹随”。
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