第一百八十一章 【贵人驾到】
最新网址:m.ltxsdz.com
每隔十日,听取家令张敬臣、家丞邓展汇报府中运行情况,以及签押用印;每隔七日,韩骏或青琰会带着新近成果或疑难,前来报告。最新地址ltxsba.fun
这就是张放的日常,他的守孝生活,就在这有序状态下如水流逝,
青溪聚诸人已入富平侯府籍册,正式成为家臣家仆,按说现在他们拜见张放,一率都要称“家主”,但喊了两年多的“公子”,好些人改不过来,经常性口误。最后张放给他们特权,就叫公子好了,反正他对家主这个称谓也不感冒。
张放要求的纸坊已买下,就在长安城廓东北,之所以选这里,是因为西市那边的工坊在场地方面达不到“研”要求。
相比起来,造纸较制瓷或许容易一些。西汉造纸术已经有粗略步骤,比如选料、蒸煮、磨浆、压榨、干燥等程序都有,但为什么纸质不行呢?
张放根据渠良的反馈,估摸着应该有这么几个原因。先是原料不行,这时代的纸多以苎麻为原料,这种植物纤维密度比较稀疏。再有就是中和介质(碱性物)纯度不够。还有就是制造过程有欠缺。
张放当然不懂造纸,以上推测都是根据渠良对造纸流程的考察所得出的结果。
原料方面,张放认为其实用竹子最好——这也算是常识了,现代人都知道。但三辅地区很少竹子,而用于造纸的竹子都得使用嫩竹,无法从南方运输,没法子,只能从草树方面着手。张放开始考虑用树木、树皮。时隔一月,渠良来报告结果,树木处理难度很大,光是浸泡就得好几个月,只能用树皮与木屑。他拿来用木屑做出的成品。
张放试用了,倒是能写,但会晕墨,而且卷起来时得很小心,稍用点力就会折断甚至碎裂。这样的东西,当然不是张放想到的纸。看来这时代的纸匠还没有能力处理树木这种硬质原料。
那么,还有什么量大有韧性又相对柔软易处理的植物呢?桔杆好像可以,不过受季候影响,得秋收才有,而且那是牲口草料,制约成本。
张放目光无意识间落在跪坐的苇席上,脑海里登时跳出一样植物——芦苇。
从三辅到北地到河西甚至塞外,黄河两岸,最常见的植物,就是那一望无际的芦苇荡。芦苇通常被用来编苇席,硬帘、篱笆之类,不过怎么用都用不完。芦苇泽那厚厚的沼泽,都是腐烂了多少年的芦苇淤积而成……
果然,改用芦苇后,纸张性能好多了,但距张放心目中的真正的纸,还有一段距离。张放要求继续改进,他不是专业人士,能提供的改进意见有限,他只是管理者,所能做的,就是布激励机制,奖励改进者。
张放相信,古代工匠并不缺智慧,就同战国时代就有匠人研制出釉面陶一样,他们缺的,只是被现。而这个时代,掌握资源与话语权的上层人物,对这些地位卑下的匠人从来不屑一顾,又谈何现?
张放相信,造纸的难关一定能攻克,只是时间问题而已。
春去夏至,秋去冬来,建昭四年的冬天,来了。
张放的守孝,也到了尾声。
……
建昭五年,正月,一年之始。汉初沿用秦制,以十月为一年之始,直到武帝时,改正月为岁,此后一直沿用二千年,并将一直用下去。不过在汉代,还没有过年的习俗,正月岁,除了宫廷及达官贵人会庆祝一下,平民百姓顶多摆点三牲祭祖,打点尾牙,远不如后世热闹。
草庐外的灶壁口前,独臂三才顶着寒风,往灶头添柴草。天气虽寒冷,但灶口涌出的热气依然令三才有热的感觉。三才边添柴边在心里暗赞,家主当真是聪颖过人,竟能想出用这种法子取暖,说是什么“火坑”。还别说,入冬以来,他们四个草庐都用上了这东西,白天晚上都暖暖的,那舒服劲,比放满炭火的府里厢房还好。
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