第四章
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沙扬挪拉一首1
赠日本女郎
最是那一低头的温柔，
象一朵水莲花不胜凉风的娇羞，
道一声珍重，道一声珍重，
那一声珍重里有蜜甜的忧愁——
沙扬娜拉！
1写于1924年5月陪泰戈尔访日期间。更多小说ltxsba.com这是长诗《沙扬娜拉十八首》中的最后一首。《沙扬娜拉十八首》收入1925年8月版《志摩的诗》，再版时删去前十七首（见《集外诗集》），仅留这一首。沙扬娜拉，日语”再见”的音译。
1924年5月，泰戈尔、徐志摩携手游历了东瀛岛国。这次日本之行给他留下深刻的印象。在回国后撰写的《落叶》一文中，他盛赞日本人民在经历了毁灭性大地震后，万众一心重建家园的勇毅精神，并呼吁中国青年”everlastingyea！”——要永远以积极的态度对待人生！
这次扶桑之行的另一个纪念品便是长诗《沙扬娜拉》。最初的规模是18个小节，收入1925年8月版的《志摩的诗》。再版时，诗人拿掉了前面17个小节，只剩下题献为”赠日本女郎”的最后一个小节，便是我们看到的这首玲珑之作了。也许是受泰戈尔耳提面命之故吧，《沙扬娜拉》这组诗无论在情趣和文体上，都明显受泰翁田园小诗的影响，所短的只是长者的睿智和彻悟，所长的却是浪漫诗人的灵动和风流情怀。诚如徐志摩后来在《猛虎集·序文》里所说的：”在这集子里（指《志摩的诗》）初期的汹涌性虽已消减，但大部分还是情感的无关拦的泛滥，……”不过这情实在是”滥”得可以，”滥”得美丽，特别是”赠日本女郎”这一节，那萍水相逢、执手相看的朦胧情意，被诗人淋漓尽致地发挥出来。
诗的伊始，以一个构思精巧的比喻，描摹了少女的娇羞之态。”低头的温柔”与”水莲花不胜凉风的娇羞”，两个并列的意象妥贴地重叠在一起，人耶？花耶？抑或花亦人，人亦花？我们已分辨不清了，但感到一股朦胧的美感透彻肺腑，象吸进了水仙花的香气一样。接下来，是阳关三叠式的互道珍重，情透纸背，浓得化不开。”蜜甜的忧愁”当是全诗的诗眼，使用矛盾修辞法，不仅拉大了情感之间的张力，而且使其更趋于饱满。”沙扬娜拉”是迄今为止对日语”再见”一词最美丽的移译，既是杨柳依依的挥手作别，又仿佛在呼唤那女郎温柔的名字。悠悠离愁，千种风情，尽在不言之中！
这诗是简单的，也是美丽的；其美丽也许正因为其简单。诗人仅以廖廖数语，便构建起一座审美的舞台，将司空见惯的人生戏剧搬演上去，让人们品味其中亘古不变的世道人情！这一份驾诗驭词的功力，即使在现代诗人中也是罕有其匹的。而隐在诗后面的态度则无疑是：既然岁月荏苒，光阴似箭，我们更应该以审美的态度，对待每一寸人生！
（王川）
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