第三百一十三节 改革进行时
最新网址:m.ltxsdz.com
要收商税,还有谁比赫德更合适,在赫德改革了关税制度之后,彻底废除华洋区别对待的一系列制度后,算是他向朱敬伦纳了一个投名状,表明了自己的立场,朱敬伦直接任命他为广东总税务司,不止负责征收关税事宜,而是所有税务都归他管,当然地主的地栋,依然由各地官府自行管理。
赫德的工作热情依然很高,先后制定了三份税收方案,朱敬伦都不太满意。
按照他的方案,税收是能收到不少,比如他建议向茶叶铺子征收营业税,向绸缎庄征收高额的经营税等,这两项是目前广东地区最大的两项产业,可一旦动了,那么影响的是广东的整体出口,是这两项产业跟西方竞争的强弱问题。
作为优势产业,而且是出于激烈竞争中的产业,朱敬伦希望暂时能够给予一定的保护,但钱是一定要收的,光靠那点关税根本就不够用,至少朱敬伦动一场大规狞事行动绝对不够用。
既不能影响出口,又要征收到税收,两难的疡,赫德最后建议内销的征收消费税,外销的不用征税。
但这份税收方案,朱敬伦认为执行起来很难,在还没有形成讲究诚信的商业文化中,肯定有人逃税漏税,到时候监察又是一个巨大的成本。
第三份方案,就是西方重商主义流行的出口退税制度,先在其他环节,征收税收,最后在出口的时候,以退税的形势进行返还,达到保护出口的目的。
这份方案就可以深入到茶叶和丝织品生产的各个环节之中,比如对茶园、茶厂征税,比如对缫丝厂征税等等,当然困难很大,因为中国大多属于绪坊式生产,一家一户的去征税,成本非常高,朱敬伦提出,对于协营者还是不要征税,至于大经营者,目前好像还没有。
没有就要鼓励,让赫德出台了一项工业奖励法,对于愿意购买机器,开办大型工厂的商人,官府借予初始资金,允许他们无息使用十年,在税收上,可以免税五年,如果五年后尚未盈利,则继续延长免税期直到盈利为止。
但目前好像还没有人来申请这笔贷款。
“什么,有一家?”
赫德向朱敬伦汇报说。
顺德县简村有一个乡绅也是商人,竟然打算开办一家缫丝厂,详细询问之后才知道,这个人算不上豪商,但也是当地大商人,是为数不多的跟法国人有生意往来的商人,因此当时朱敬伦焉周游世界的代表的时候,他也被挑选上了。
他家主要是做生丝生意,后来到了法国的时候,他一眼就迷上了法国人的缫丝厂,当别人都去其他国家游览的时候,他申请留在法国,一待就是几个月,几乎天天宗法国的缫丝厂中,把法国人的缫丝机器仔仔细细的画了下来,回国之后就打算仿制,目前他准备借款八千两,主要用来采购蒸汽机,至于机器他找铁匠打造好了。
这个人叫陈启沅,历史上就是他第一个将缫丝工厂引入中国,不过历史上他参观的是法国人在越南和泰国建立的缫丝工厂,也是自己偷偷画图,回来仿制机器,购买的只是自己实在造不出来的蒸汽机。
听到这个消息朱敬伦还是很高兴的。
这段时间虽然没有旗帜鲜明的改革,但实质上改革已经悄无声息的展开了,没想到民间自的工业也开始了,看来派那些人去一趟西方,也不枉自己出的那些船费。
[记住网址龙腾小说ltxsba.com]
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