安全管理无小事(5)
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每一个大问题里,都有一系列的小问题露面。龙腾小说ltxsba.com
——h·豪利4.开发区如何招商
——城市竞争力引出的话题2002年11月,网上一篇《深圳,你被谁抛弃》的文章,引出了城市竞争力的话题。目前,在发展经济的大主题下,增强城市的竞争力是每一个城市决策者都在关心的话题。那么怎样才能增加城市的竞争力呢?
城市竞争力不是我研究的问题,但我可以从营销的角度来谈一下开发区的营销问题。开发区能否开发好,这也是城市竞争力的一个表现之一。2003年11月,我应河南安阳工商联的邀请,就营销问题做了专题讲座,事后应邀就城市开发区如何招商问题,写了“为安阳招商引资进一言”一文。现抄录如下:
中央电视台2003年12月3日的《央视论坛》节目,题目是《开发区该降温了》,自然不能不引起各级政府和各类投资企业的关注。
我国的开发区建设始于1984年,1988年批准的国家级开发区14个,到2003年增至54个。加上省级、市级、县级乃至乡镇级的开发区,便很难准确统计了。广东一省,国家级开发区6个,省级3个,软件或出口基地8个,863转化基地12个。
今日的珠江三角洲、长江三角洲和环渤海湾地区成为我国最大的三个开发区集群,昆山、深圳和吴江成为中国开发区的样板模式。世界500强254家进入珠江三角洲,今年“非典”期间广州开发区每个工作日平均引进1个项目。地处苏州和上海之间的昆山(县级市),台湾前百名的企业25家落户于此,常驻台商超过千人。深圳高新开发区,2002年比1996年,产值72倍、出口226倍、税收108倍,成为深圳的第一亮点。
但中国如此之大,各地极不平衡。不少地方的开发区除了征用了大片农田,什么也没开发出来。各地开发区的缺陷多集中于3个方面:招商优势片面强调地价和税收、产业结构不合理、因配套不到位导致商业成本偏高。作为河南安阳地区工商联的特聘市场营销顾问,觉得安阳的开发区建设也不尽如人意,招商引资同样存在不足。我想站在营销人的角度提点建议,供地区领导参考。
调查研究是一切营销工作的基础,花大力气了解外商投资的决策程序和对投资地的考察内容,是必不可少的。不了解别人投资时考虑什么,怎么能招商呢?
国外的企业,尤其是一些世界级大企业,在选定投资地点和分厂的厂址时,有一整套的评价和决策模型。在全球化因素的带动下,企业在别国设立办公室、工厂、零售店和银行的需求越来越大,这种甄选过程一般分为三步,首先是挑选进入国,其次挑选进入的地区或社区,最后确定具体地址。
在挑选进入国时,外企的挑选参数包括:
(1)政府法规的规范
(2)政府对企业的态度
(3)政局的稳定程度
(4)文化事件
(5)经济事件
(6)市场的位置分布
(7)劳动力的可获得性
(8)劳动力的劳动态度
(9)生产力
(10)生产成本
(11)供应商的便利性
(12)交通条件
(13)能源状况
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