第680章 关税之争
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《中英草约》事实上还不成为约束双方的外交协定,按照流程,这条约要经过英国首相格莱斯顿、中国内阁总理李中堂签署后才能真正生效,不过,条约内容被堂而皇之的刊登在报纸上,这还是让李中堂有些不满,不过考虑到现在北京城的状况,条约内容泄露也是迟早的事情,他倒也没有追究的意思。龙腾小说网ltxs520.com
而且,从刊登和转载的报刊来看,自己的老对头翁同龢的清流一党那是脱不了干系,至于军政部的那位,也是大有疑问,不过,他和杨士骧、薛福成私下商议,倒也觉得如此开诚布公,倒也未必是坏事,与其签约后被现在越来越丰富的媒体声讨,不如把众人都拉上船。
当天,内阁就召开了三巨头的碰头会,而各省督抚、或者他们的代表都出席了会议,负责这次外交谈判的伍廷芳和陈季同一同报告和解释了《中英草约》中的条款。
相比最初中方的意愿,希望英国方面主动、尽快的禁止鸦片贸易,经过谈判后,巴夏礼显然并不同意,只愿意在协商的基础上逐年减少对话鸦片贸易数量,具体的是在十年内,将对话鸦片贸易额降低到现在的三成。
而对于中方提出的海关税务司以及关税问题,巴夏礼态度极其强硬,与前清政府签订的条约中约定的5%关税,英国方面不同意进行任何形式的加税。
而这时代。随着工业化进程的快速发展,欧洲各国普遍都实行了严格的关税壁垒,就连新兴工业体美国也是如此操作以保护国内工业,而德意志帝国就因为在过去四年间实行了远比其他欧洲国家更为严苛的关税壁垒,从而有效的缓冲了第十三次经济危机对德国工业的影响,至于英国,英国佬一直来就对中国最大一宗贸易——茶叶,征收了百分之三百的关税。
在这个问题上,立刻引发了内阁的较大的冲突,李中堂显然也认识到5%的关税显然太低了。不过考虑到与英国的贸易关系,很大程度上维系了国家对外贸易的稳定性,加上海关税务司事实上每年收取的关税总额已经突破了3000万两关平银,一旦提高关税,洋商进口的意愿降低,也会影响国内商品的出口,现在,这并无助于新政府的过渡。
而对于李中堂的观点。翁同龢显然是完全不赞同的,也不知道他从哪里搞来的资料,老翁罗列了一整套欧洲各国关税的情况,英国的平均海关税超过20%,法国、俄国为25%,而德意志帝国更是离谱的40%以上。至于奥匈、意大利等也维系在20%左右。
李中堂在这方面显然也是做了功课的,毕竟伍廷芳作为这时代著名的法学家,对于欧洲的情况也有足够的了解途径,他立刻反击翁同龢的观点,“翁大人。欧洲国家都已经完成了所谓的工业革命,各国生产的商品都足以能供给国内,而现在的中国,这方面还需要大量洋人的商品,提高关税,并无助于解决百姓的需求。尤其是在现在……”
李中堂显然认为亚洲各国并不具备欧洲国家进行关税壁垒的条件,欧洲列强的关税显然并不足以说明问题。
翁同龢显然对于这种关税问题了解并不多,除了他手头搞到的那些资料外,他这方面的知识并不足以展开和李中堂的辩论,所以,他立刻甩手把问题抛给了这会儿正看热闹的秦铠,“中堂,这泰西诸国的事情。我看秦烈风应该更清楚吧,这关税关乎国家财政,我自然不能坐视英国人掏空咱们的银子!”
秦铠知道这两个老滑头迟早会把自己扯进去,他微微一笑,朝两人拱拱手,“两位大人所说的自然都在理,现在其实可以作为参照的只有欧洲国家,现在我们与各国重新修订旧条约,这其中的重点只有两条,一是领事裁判权、二是关税,当然,对英国人还有个鸦片问题,所谓鱼和熊掌不可兼得……”
秦铠今天来就是打酱油的,与列强们展开这旧条约的修订,他早就知道这是一桩吃力不讨好,甚至于很难取得成果的事情,历史上,明治维新后的日本,尽管国力逐年壮大,但是从明治维新开始,直到明治天皇挂掉的前一年才完成就条约的废止,历时整整四十二年。
而这时代,亚洲各国普遍都沦为殖民地,根本不具备可参照性,荷属东印度更是关税壁垒的极品,平均关税超过60%,对于荷属东印度所产的香料、咖啡、可可等产品,更是征收高达100%的关税,彻底将英国人在当地做贸易的希望破灭了,
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