第二十八章 、不征而征
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曹操自建安八年定幽州、灭袁氏以后，即暂时息兵养马，专注于内政建设，经过将近两年的时光，中原粗定，百姓稍安，便思引军南征，饮马长江。龙腾小说ltxs520.com----第一个攻击目标，即为荆州牧刘表。
前年定幽以后不久，曹操便以朝廷的名义遣使荆、扬，使张绣、刘表、孙权等各遣质子入许，以示归服朝廷。张绣乖乖地把儿子张泉给送来了，但刘表、孙权却各敷衍，不肯从命。于是到了建安十年年初，曹操向刘表正式递交了最后通牒——你既然不打算送儿子入都，那就算了，你自己个儿过来吧。
刘表当然不会从命，他知道，只要一赴许都，即便不成为阶下囚，也会遭到软禁，则荆州八郡尽入曹操之手也。孔融时在荆州，跟刘表各种不对付，但面对此事，他也竭力劝阻刘表，不要上曹操的圈套。孔融还建议刘表东和孙权、西联刘备，以与曹操相拮抗。
刘表之与孙权，乃有杀父之仇，江东又多次发兵攻打江夏黄祖，所以想要孙、刘联合，难度还是相当大的。孔融乃自请赴吴游说，可惜刘表不肯放他去。倒是已然入蜀的刘备，深恐刘表与刘璋约合，发兵抄其后路，所以多次遣孙乾、简雍等返回襄阳，联络两家的感情。
此等事自然瞒不过曹操，因而曹操便希望在孙、刘两家尚未尽释前嫌，刘备也还没有占据整个益州的时候，抢先对刘表政权发动雷霆一击。具体的谋划，乃是在仲夏时节先发兵入宛。与张绣会师。旋即扫荡南阳全郡。待等秋后。即以南阳之粮以资供大军，陈兵汉水东岸，逼迫刘表主力前来决战。倘若刘表不出，即趁机与太史慈、鲁肃东西对进，攻取江夏，收黄祖的水军以为己用。
倘若刘表主力出动呢？那就更好办了，汉水以东、绿林山以北，大片平原。正利于曹家骑兵纵横，摧破刘表，不为难也。随即挟得胜之势渡江攻略襄阳。襄阳既下，下一个目标就是江陵，荆州的大量物资、器械皆储江陵，得此乃可壮大水师，西遏刘备，东略江东。为此，曹操还通过是勋的介绍，遣人联络长沙桓阶等。使为内应。
张羡去世后，其子张怿不久即遭败亡。刘表为了安定江南四郡的人心，乃暂署张羡弟张机张仲景为长沙太守，做个过度。但时隔不久，他就把张仲景一脚给踢开了，改任以亲信韩玄，使黄忠辅佐之。桓阶本为张羡心腹，张氏政权灭亡后便辞官归隐，刘表欲召其为从事祭酒，桓阶坚不肯从，又欲以妻妹蔡氏妻之，却仍被婉言谢绝了。
刘表为什么那么看得起桓阶？那是因为桓伯绪乃是长沙郡内张氏败亡后最大的地方豪强、实权人物，韩玄和黄忠都是外来户，倘若不能拉拢或者镇压了这一类的豪强地主，则地方施政将阻碍重重。只是桓阶摆出的姿态是：我可以暂且不给你掺乱，但要我背旧主而从刘表老贼，真乃痴人说梦也！
所以曹操暗中联络桓阶，使桓阶游说武陵太守刘睿、桂阳太守赵范、零陵太守刘度等，要求一旦朝廷大军南征，汝等皆作壁上观可也，一兵一卒都不要往江北派。此三守原本都是张羡的同盟，张氏父子失败后被迫归从刘表，其实恩威未著，二心仍在，于是纷纷表示愿从朝廷之命。
所以曹操对于打败刘表那是自信满满啊。计划拟定之后，也曾遣人秘密送至幽州，探询是勋的意见。是勋只给曹操回了八个字，即“荆州未定，勿檄江东。”
在原本的历史上，曹操要到四年以后方才南征刘表，然后才走到半道上，刘表就挂了，其二子刘琦、刘琮相争，荆州分裂。于是刘琮面对曹操大军，被迫俯首称降，曹操几乎是兵不血刃地就拿下了襄阳和江陵，并且名义上收服江南四郡。整个荆州，只有江夏还捏在刘备和刘琦的手里。倘若这时候曹操挟战胜之势，以雷霆万钧之势以征江夏，就刘备手下那两三万人，根本扛不住啊。
可是曹操被胜利冲昏了头脑，这边还在紧追刘备呢，那边就派人前往江东说降，说什么：“近者奉辞伐罪，旄麾南指，刘琮束手。今治水军八十万众，方与将军会猎于吴。”那意思，你们瞧见刘表父子的下场了没有？你们还不赶紧投降，更待何时啊？
孙、刘两家，旧恨未消，新仇复深，曹操打刘表的时候，只有鲁肃一人主张前去观望一下形势，看看能不能得着联合抗曹的机会，周瑜还没有发表意见，张昭等则全都是心向朝廷的。要是曹操不故意去招惹他们，投降派必然能够找出种种借口以阻孙权出兵，那就压根儿不会有什么孙刘联合、赤壁鏖兵的事儿了。可是曹操这么一威吓，江东必须赶紧把如何应对曹兵的事儿提到议事日程上来，因而主战派便勉勉强强地占据了上风。
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