第二十五章、谁堪伯仲
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是勋前一世受家庭影响，才刚小学就开始接触比较生涩的长篇古文，第一次被家长逼着背诵的大部头乃是《古文观止》。龙腾小说网ltxs520.com
此书是清代吴楚材、吴调侯所选定编纂的古代散文选本，序言中称其目的为“以此正蒙养而裨后学”，是拿来做读书人的启蒙教材的。直至今日，是勋依然能够记得书中绝大多数篇名，尚能全文背诵的，也有那么七八篇。
《古文观止》按时代排序，其中《周文》占了整整三卷，《战国文》占一卷，其内容无外乎《左传》、《国语》、《战国策》等几个大部头的节选。《汉文》两卷，其中《史记》的节选就占了整整一卷去，然后直接《六朝唐文卷之七》……
这说明了什么？说明魏晋之际，就没有几篇华彩的好散文（骈文倒是不少）传世，你说让是勋抄啥玩意儿去？他总不能把几百年后的唐宋文章直接搬过来吧，况且唐宋文章中也以书信为多，就没有几篇奏疏。
你说我当初要是把《历代名臣奏议》也给背了……想想那大部头，不禁倒吸一口凉气。
回想自己惯常抄诗了，还真没怎么抄过文章。唯二的一是江淹《别赋》，二是化用《讨武瞾檄》写《讨袁绍檄》，前者乃二百年后的骈文也，后者虽是唐文，却也骈四俪六，散韵夹杂，修改起来并不为难。可是如今要写一篇情辞恳切的辞表，这又上哪儿抄去？
是勋不禁慨叹：孔明啊，孔明。你前两篇辞表干嘛写得那么漂亮？这可让老师我怎么超越啊！
可是提起诸葛亮。他却突然间想到一事。不禁眼前大放光明对啊，我可以抄诸葛亮啊！
提起汉魏之际的散文，《古文观止》中只收录了两篇，全都是诸葛亮的，一为《前出师表》，一为《后出师表》当然啦，后者可能是西贝货，但年代应该相差不远。是勋本人是比较相信“诸葛恪伪造说”的。
《后出师表》一派颓唐之气，什么“然不伐贼，王业亦亡；惟坐而待亡，孰与伐之？”什么“臣鞠躬尽瘁（一作尽力），死而后已；至于成败利钝，非臣之明所能逆覩也。”而且所举实例太多，没啥可抄的。《前出师表》就不同啦，极言刘备之恩遇，并申满腔忠悃，这正好用来套自己跟曹操之间的关系啊！
正所谓“出师一表真名世。千古谁堪伯仲间”，后人视之为宝。不仅仅因为文辞的华彩说实话还是孔明惯常的质朴风格，骨多于肉，实过于文而是因为真情流露，满篇忠臣风骨，乃不得不使人掩卷而泣下也。好，我就抄他了，不信曹操能不受感动。
这也算是徒弟你还报为师的深恩吧反正你也没机会再写类似玩意儿啦。
略一构思，便即提笔。《前出师表》开篇先谈形势：“先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也……”这当然要修啦，是勋直接给改成了：
“今汉室凌替，魏国肇建，然亦天下三分，凉之在西，益州在南，此非可以垂拱而安枕之时也。是故侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖受大王之殊遇，欲粉身以报之也。”
其后“宫中府中，俱为一体”什么的，推荐郭攸之、董允、向宠什么的，“叹息痛恨于桓、灵也”什么的，当然都不能用啦，忍痛割爱。咱们直入正题，说说君臣际遇和感情吧
“臣本布衣，浪迹江湖，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯……”没错，当年我去兖州，理论上只是去送你爹跟你兄弟的，至于早就想抱你大腿的事儿，咱们心照不宣即可，无须说破“大王不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许驱驰。自初平而至建安，尔来竟一十八年矣。”
写到这儿，突然间思路发散：在原本的历史上，诸葛亮究竟是怎么出山的呢？因为史书上存在着截然不同的两种记载，一是妇孺皆知的“三顾茅庐”，二是诸葛亮自荐而仕刘备。一般认为，自荐一说不靠谱，因为有《前出师表》所言“先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事……”以之与陈寿原文对照，自荐说乃不攻自破了。
可问题是，诸葛亮本人没细写这事儿，“三顾”的“三”，很可能只是一个约数，以示其多也。古人习惯用约数，比方说三、九、百、千，等等，说不定陈寿的第一手资料就是从《前出师表》里得来的，然后把它当成确数了，乃有“先主遂诣亮，凡三往，乃见”之语……
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