卫朴传
最新网址：m.ltxsdz.com
袁景文阿越著
卫朴，淮安人也。龙腾小说ltxs520.com少时以目疾失明。治平中，寄居楚州北神镇神庙中，以卖卜为生。其人有过耳不忘之能，又精擅算学。乡人有好事者难之，使人以筹算与之相较，朴口诵乘除，须臾即毕，顾筹算者，尚未及其半也。沈括偶过楚州，闻其名，往见。与语天文历算，朴识见精奇，多有发前人之未发者。春秋日食三十六，所得多者不过十七八，朴独得三十五。
熙宁初，沈括提举司天监。以前代历法之弊，颇欲更张。而日官皆市井庸贩，苦无人可行其事，乃欲以书召卫朴，议未定。适逢燕公草创白水潭学院，乞上允沈括为教授，括乃荐朴于桑充国，遂入格物院教授。朴出身卑贱，以卜者入学院，不为士林所重，朴亦谦退不言。邵康节初至，颇自矜，偶于讲演堂讥之，朴诺诺而已。诸生或然康节，或服卫朴，交相辩驳，其词渐出于常度。朴不得已，乃与邵康节论天文，以心算推知古今日蚀，一座皆惊。康节折节谢曰：“今日乃知先生之能。”
朴为人常慕神仙玄怪之说，多务高远，不以尘务为念。熙宁四年，石燕公提举虞部胄案，议建兵器研究院，欲得白水潭诸生之助，朴从容谢曰：“不欲为杀人之术。”燕公为之敛容嘉慰。其节多有类于此者。白水潭初建，以石学七书惟《算学初步》颇不如人意，故颇置意古今算经校订刊印，朴与贾宪、刘益辈共为此事，不一年即有十余书行世，及白水潭狱起，士夫哗然，宪等亦不能安，朴独曰：“桑长卿以算经托我等，彼既去，吾当成其志。”乃与数生安坐白水潭，校订算经，日夕不辍。五年初白水潭刊印诸算经，卫朴犹有力焉。充国既释，执其手叹曰：“非先生不能成此事。”朴又仿燕公算学初步之体，会诸书之要，折中于一书，整齐故术，芟夷杂乱，抉微发隐。书成，沈括览其书叹曰：“古今算术，尽集于此。”乃名之曰《算学菁华》。世之习算学者，几家置一编。
卫氏所学，常在天文算学之间。初，石氏七书行世，卫朴得之，叹曰：“不世之奇材矣！”尤许燕公地圆之说，作《石氏地圆说旁证》，以天文力证其说。其后《白水潭学刊》多有详论《七书》得失者，朴开风气之先也。
五年，西湖学院草创，以燕公之意，多译塞族天文几何之书，凡有译本，必抄录急送京师，朴颇置意，日夕揣摩，叹赏有加，又颇能纠其谬误，有《校书手记》传世。逮燕公知杭州，遂请同行焉，沈括送别，叹曰：“吾道南矣。”《白水潭学案》以为石学南宗之兴，自此始。
既至杭州，与诸生讲学不辍，天文地理，算术几何，皆多所发明。尝于海滨立高台十余丈，测日出之时差，推算地球径长二万五千六百里弱，又造为器具，以天文测算经纬，其术具见《地学广义》。此外尚多著述，以注疏塞人托勒密天文学与塞族几何学者为要，《艺文志》详列书目，数以十计。
燕公柄政，修订历法，朴与沈括共主其事，数年乃成，谓之《奉元历》。括以官职日高，事务日烦，挂名而已，朴来往于汴杭之间，又遣人于各地置天文台，不畏劳烦，务求精密，历法之成，朴最有力。事成，赐天文博士。
年六十有三，以疾辞教席，结庐海滨，少见外人。但偶言燕公日心说。又两年，疾笃，一日梦海潮如雷，曰：“吾命尽矣。”起而复算天象，未完而卒。袁景文等收其稿百余页，论次其编，名之《七曜细行》，刊于《西湖学刊》。
自燕公订礼改制，以孔庙、先贤、英烈三祠供奉国之贤者。或谓朴亦大贤，可配享孔庙，难者以为孔庙非宗师大儒、有可为百世法者不得入，袁景文等虽力争，终为所沮，遂入先贤祠，然亦足荣矣。
论曰：先生起于寒微，初则困穷潦倒，未有异于人者也，而终乃名显当时，声播后世。其读七书而叹，已知之乎？奇矣！而华夏之大，俊杰之士，代不乏人，而老于户牖之下者，亦已多矣。而先生乃独能如此。其传愈久，而名愈显，衣被后学，非一代也。盖人生遇合之迹，荣枯之理，多出人所意料之外，亦奇矣哉！
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