第95章 二女学医
最新网址：m.ltxsdz.com
浩道：“先给你们说说大夫如何看病。龙腾小说网ltxs520.com——面对，要搞清楚他的病是怎么回事，就要整体审察、诊法合参。就是望、闻、问、切四个角度来检查病情，综合四个方面的情况，判断出病人究竟是什么证，得了什么病。病位和病性是什么，然后对症下药。所以，望闻问切四种诊法都要熟悉，都要能获取足够的信息以便帮助辨证。”
二女点点头，庞雨琴道：“如何望闻问切？”
“望就是观察病人外在情况，包括全身和头面、五官、四肢、排泄物，特别是舌象情况，不同的病症会又不同的变化；闻就是听声音和气味，包括呼吸，说话、咳嗽、心音、肠胃音以及一些特殊气味，不同的病症会造成一些特定的变化，观察这些，就知道是什么病症了。一个良医，对这些种种变化，都必须烂熟于胸。问，就是问病人的主要感觉，以往病史，问寒热，疼痛、睡眠、饮食、二便等等。切就是切脉了，这是医者了解病情最主要的手段之一。一时半会也说不完，这样吧，遇到具体病人，我抽空给你们讲。”
雪霏儿当然不满足，道：“那你先教我们切诊好不好？下次来个病人，我切脉看看。”
“行啊。”杜文浩随手抓住庞雨琴的手放平，指着她手腕部道：“血脉贯通全身，内连脏腑，外达肌表，所以脉象能反映全身脏腑功能、气血、阴阳等综合的情况。脉象的种类，历来说法不同，西晋王叔和的《脉经》分述三部九侯，寸口脉法，共有二十四种脉象。明朝……，嗯不世……，研究脉象增加了一些，共二十八种。也过是将其中的细化了。”
雪霏儿摸了摸:己的手腕脉搏，奇道：“就这么一摸，就知道啥病？简直太神了！”
杜文浩笑道：“当然没这么，光闭着眼睛切脉就知道什么病，那是神吹。切诊只是四诊之一，辨证一定要诊法合参，不能抓了芝麻丢了西瓜头不顾尾，那就成了头痛医头脚痛医脚的庸医了。四诊那一项都不能少当然，具体病症，可能会在偏重某一种或者某几种。”
“你还是说说怎么诊脉吧。”
“你呀，这么心急，这性格太适合行医哦医者必须泰山崩于前而不动，临危不乱算遇到急症马上要死的病人，也不能乱了手脚，只有这样才能准确诊察病情，找到有效的急救办法。扯远了，回到切诊来说，切诊的方法很多比如《素问》，就有三部九侯诊法就是遍诊人全身各个地方血脉的搏动，医圣张仲景在《伤寒杂病论》里也提出了寸口、)阳、太溪三部诊法医者最常用的，就是寸口诊法。寸口脉从手掌往手肘方向为寸、关、尺三部，双手各有三部，共六部脉。”
“全身么多血脉，为啥单单用寸口切诊呢？”
“问得好！其道理很简单。寸口属于手太阴肺经脉。是血流循环地起始。经全身十二经脉。又归于寸口。所以寸口是脉大会之所。而寸口部脉气最旺。脉象也最有代表性。而且。寸口在手腕这。诊脉也比较方便。如果诊别地地方。比如张仲景说地诊趺阳、太溪。这两处穴道都在脚上。如果是个老汉还好办。大不了脚臭一点。如果是个大姑娘小媳妇。总不能抱着人家金莲摸来摸去地吧？”
“嘻嘻嘻……”二女掩嘴笑了。
雪)儿怪模怪样道：“要是琴姐病了。先生你倒可以捧着她地金莲诊趺阳、太溪。不妨事地。她乐意着哩。”
“你这死妮子！找打！”庞雨琴羞红了脸。伸手去拧她。
雪)儿咯咯笑着躲开：“行了别闹了。先生在传医术哩！”
庞雨琴狠狠瞪了她一眼。坐好了仰着红扑扑地脸蛋望着杜文浩。
杜文浩也有些不好意思，轻咳一声，续道：“切脉寸口，还有一个原因，就是寸口还可以反映人体总起的盛衰，要知道，肺脾同属太阴经……”
“什么是太阴经？”雪霏儿仰着俏脸又问。
“太阴经就是……，我在跟你说切脉，你又跑去问经脉，都弄乱了，一个个来，那么多不懂的都要解释，明天天亮也说不完切脉的问题。”
庞雨琴笑道：“是啊霏儿，别打岔，听先生说嘛。”
“好好，我不打岔，你接着说。”
“嗯……，我说到哪了？”
“肺脾同属太阴经！”雪)儿笑道，“算了，你先别解释了，还是直接告诉我们怎么切脉吧，我好想试试看。”
“行，寸口六部脏腑分候中，左右寸、关、尺都与五脏六腑有对应关系，寸关尺的变化，就反映出五脏六腑的变化。”
接着，杜文浩简要给她
了二十八中脉象的特点和它们反应的病症。说完脉又简单介绍了舌诊的要领，说了舌质、舌形、舌态和舌下络脉在舌诊中的重要意义，又重点说了舌苔类型和所主病症，又简要解说了八纲辨证的基本征候和特点。
刚说到这里，便先后进来了两个病人。一问之下，都是伤风。
第一个病人坐下，不停咳嗽。
杜文浩先给他切脉之后，对二女道：“你们俩试试我方才教你们的东西，看看他们是什么病症。”
“好啊！”雪)儿问那病人：“你怎么了？”
那病人惑地了瞧杜文浩：“不是杜大夫坐堂吗？……咳咳”
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