第五十七章：龙蛇混杂
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“老弟，这位就是别宝斋的老板，叫他老张就行。老张，这位是秦学兵，别看他年纪轻，却是个行家。”
罗杰介绍了一下，又道：“大家也别墨迹了，快把宣德炉拿出来掌掌眼。”
大明宣德炉的基本形制是敞口、方唇或圆唇，颈矮而细，扁鼓腹，三钝锥形实足或分裆空足，口沿上置桥形耳或了形耳或兽形耳，铭文年款多于炉外底，与宣德瓷器款近似。
但这并不是说宣德炉只有一种款式，会在这些基本款式中融入其它东西，最常见的就是有耳和无耳，而在收藏上，有耳宣德炉的价值要高于无耳宣德炉。
另外，宣德炉最妙在色，其色内融，从黯淡中发奇光。史料记载有四十多种色泽，为世人钟爱，其色的名称很多。
例如，紫带青黑似茄皮的，叫茄皮色；黑黄象藏经纸的，叫藏经色；黑白带红淡黄色的，叫褐色；如旧玉之土沁色的，叫土古色；白黄带红似棠梨之色的，叫棠梨色，还有黄红色的地、套上五彩斑点的，叫仿宋烧斑色；比珠砂还鲜红的斑，叫朱红斑；轻及猪肝色、枣红色、琥珀色、茶叶末、蟹壳青等等……明朝万历年间大鉴赏家、收藏家、画家项元汴说：“宣炉之妙，在宝色内涵珠光，外现澹澹穆穆。”
不过宣德炉最好的还是宣德三年那一批才能算真正的宣德炉，往后的都是纺织品。
为了牟取暴利，从明代宣德年间到民国时期，乃至当今，古玩商仿制宣德炉活动从未简单，造成市场上随处可见宣德炉，但其制作工艺与真正的宣德炉相差太大。
不过有一批宣德炉却是例外，其制作工艺几乎可以与真品媲美，权威专家也无法辨别。
这一批仿品就是宣德炉停止制作后，部分主管“司铸之事”的官员，召集原来铸炉工匠，依照宣德炉的图纸和工艺程序进行仿造的。也正因为这些仿品的存在，以至现在国内外各大博物馆内收藏的许许多多宣德炉没有一件能被众多鉴定家公认为是真正的宣德炉，因为根本没法与这一批仿造品区分开来。
也正是这样，部分藏家产生了一种心理，既然两者几乎一模一样，且无法区分，那就当做是真品得了，反正也没人敢说是仿品。
老张抱出来的是一件无耳的栗壳色宣德炉，体型较大，直径大于二十厘米，属于大号宣德炉。
宣德炉以大小而言，径8－12厘米的炉最常见，属于小号；径15厘米左右的炉是中号，数量比小号少，但价值比小号高；而径大于20厘米的炉是大号，工艺精者稀见，价值也很高。
秦学兵可以肯定这是老物件，还没走进别宝斋时元气就产生感应了。只是这并没有办法断定这件宣德炉的年份，因为宣德炉在明清时期就有大量仿制品，那些东西也足以令元气产生感应。
“秦老弟，什么感觉？”罗杰之前就已经看过了，但感觉不准，只能确定这不是一件真正的宣德炉。
但收藏宣德炉并不一定要收藏真正的宣德炉，各个时期的宣德炉，只要做工足够精细，哪都有很高的收藏价值和经济价值。
“第一眼看去，感觉应该是清初的。”秦学兵完全是根据自己对宣德炉的了解做出判断，因为不同时期的宣德炉在精度和质量上都有不同侧重点。
明炉重韵味，不管是整体或者细部的设计，都耐人寻味，整体风格是雅致、浑厚。
发展到明末清初和清早期，铜炉依然浑厚，但不及早先的雅致。时至18世纪，风格开始趋向纤弱，在造型和装饰上力求变化，有的也雅致，但总体上浑厚不足。
而这件宣德炉，给予秦学兵的感觉就是厚重有余，清雅不足，没有那种耐人寻味的感觉：“不过具体的，还要再看看才能知道。”说完，拿起宣德炉仔细辨别。
ps：第二更到，明天继续。
[记住网址龙腾小说ltxs520.com]
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