第1087章 汉京
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关陇等地，总的来说还是土地较少，粮食产量较低，且灾害相对来说较多。更多小说ltxsba.com如果不做个宏观调控，那么如关中平原的粮食贩卖到关东来，甚至贩卖到草原去，而那些土地少粮食产出少的地区，则会一直粮食储备不足，也就大大降低了抗灾能力。
甚至朝廷的驻守边军，需要的边粮，也得从中原运去，大大增加了运输耗费。
让关内六个地区的粮食统筹为一个粮区，内部消化，禁止粮食出境，会好许多。
“同样的道理，对那些粮食产量较低的地区，朝廷要设立粮食禁止出境政策。而对粮食产区，则也要给予一些保护政策，比如他们的粮食出售，享有免关卡税费等，这样有助于粮食流通。”
“还有呢？”承乾已经不知什么时候拿出了一支笔，开始兴奋的在随身小本本上记录了下来。
“还有一个就是设立粮食保护价，产粮区的百姓怕的是什么，怕的是谷贱伤农。因为粮食产量多，就容易被粮商压价，导致越是丰收，粮食越卖不到钱。因此，朝廷当根据实情，设立一个粮食收购保护价，就是制订一个最低价格，同时，朝廷也以这个价格向百姓收购粮食。”
“我们还可以设立一个粮食收购任务，每年先预计收购多少粮食，对粮农们下定一个任务，规定他们每年的粮食产出，必须将多少份额出售给朝廷，当然，这个朝廷按市价收购，且不得低于保护价，要保证农民的利益。”
李超看承乾记的认真，又提醒道。“这里有一点需要注意，统购是为了保证朝廷的粮食需求，满足朝廷每年的公粮需求外，还要保证粮食储备量，但是，向农民统购的数量得控制好，一般来说，得给农民留足口粮，然后统购不得超过五成。”
“当然，如果朝廷统购完后，农民依然愿意卖粮给朝廷，当然可以收。”
“遇到粮食歉收的年份，朝廷的常平仓得切时的平价售粮给百姓，保证百姓需求，避免粮价哄抬，伤害百姓。”
承乾把这些全都记录了下来。
他充满惊叹的道，“想不到就一个粮食，老师居然已经能说出这么多条条道道，每一条都是金玉良言，学生佩服万分。”
李超只是轻笑而已。
国家宏观调控，这是必需的。这需要站在一个很高的角度，高屋建瓴的提出政策，来宏观把控。
粮食这东西，不仅仅是商品，尤其是在这个运输比较艰难的时代，且多灾多难，难以抵抗，因此对粮食的调控越发的重要。
许多时候，灾后出现饥荒，无法控制，并不是因为朝廷真的无粮可调，而主要还是朝廷的粮食策略出了问题。
比如，藏粮于民这是非常重要的，粮食不能完全被粮商们控制着囤积着。官府得有自己的大粮仓，也得有自己的常平仓，粮食不仅存在京师，也得存在地方。
再有一个，地方百姓自己的义仓、社仓里也得有粮食，有粮食才能有抗灾能力。
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