第37章 阶级法
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单从法律条文上看，宋军的军法极严，非常细密，在军中动不动就犯了死罪。实际这样严酷而细密的军法并没有可行性，要是真按着军法杀下去，不用打仗，沿边的从将帅到士卒，最少先要杀上个两三成。就连徐平自己，可能真按军法条文脑袋也得挂出去。在五代乱世，军阀们对手下的军士，一方面啖以厚利，另一面用严刑酷法，反正那时的人命也不值钱，杀剩下来的就是能跟着自己打仗的。现在到了正常的年代，再这样怎么可能？
过于迷信暴力，认为暴力能够解决一切的问题，本身就是不科学的。任何事务都有其自身的客观规律，粗暴地不按客规律行事，终究是要碰得头破血流的。根本原因，还是在于统治者没有把军事力量当作自己人中的一分子，而视其为朝廷爪牙，是驯养的野兽，必须用铁链和皮鞭来进行治理。问题是历史已经证明了，这是很可笑的想法，徐平怎么遵从？
一方面是严酷而细密的军法，单从字面意义上来看，这应该是一支纪律严明、井然有序、令出如山、人人奋勇上前的强军，从上到下，如身使臂、臂使指，指到哪里，打到哪里战无不胜的军队。实际上每谈起军中的阶级法，这也是宋朝君臣描绘的场景，仗打赢了就是严阶级法的功劳，打输了是阶级法还不够严，律条上杀的还不够多。
另一方面实际的战绩，除了太祖时期向南统一，到了太宗之后，哪怕就是打北汉，都遇到了不少挫折。后来跟契丹和党项开战，不但是不能对敌取胜，还连连出现主将畏惧不前、军队溃散的尴尬景象。放眼周边，手捧最严酷军法的宋军，已经没有能打赢的敌人了。
最最好笑的，对外连战连败的君主，比如宋太宗和宋真宗，还不断加严阶级法，并向朝中臣僚解释阶级法的好处。只要军中阶级严明，军队就战无不胜。
严酷的军法并没有多少可执行性，和平年代就连待遇优厚的禁军都逃亡不断。如果真按军法执行，并不用打仗，一支军队用个五六年的时间，没有逃亡的也被自己杀光了。于是便不得不选择性地执法，再加上太宗和真宗两朝故意用下级军官和士卒牵制高级的统兵官，这军法便也只能停留在纸面上。
法律要么简而刑重，要么严而不酷，这样才能有可执行性，才能实现预期的作用。又要严密，法律什么事情都管，又要用重刑，动不动非死即残，那就是秦法的后果了。
在这个世界上，越是在纸面上看起来美好的东西，就越是不现实，强行推下去只能南辕北辙。没办法，我们的世界就是这么不完美，追求完美就只能活在虚幻的世界里。
执行性强的法律必须有包容性，要么约束得少，犯了就是重刑。要么约束得多，什么都要管，那刑罚必然不重。想两者兼得，这法律有跟没有就差不多了，或许还不如没有。
乱世用重刑，哪个乱世的法律是条文清晰、追求公平公正的？
现在徐平面临的问题，要么是大规模地删并军法条文，要么是减轻刑罚，让统兵官不再一言不合就要砍脑袋。但现在，仅仅一个阶级法，两位宦官监军那一关就难过。8)
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