第一百六十七节 小额贷款
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第一百六十七节小额贷款
“差别可大了。更多小说ltxs520.com”吴南海解释说，地主其实有很多种，我们熟悉的地主，多半是以佃种模式进行剥削的地主――这部分地主直接把土地分割成小块给佃户。按照中国传统的地主－佃户关系，土地一旦出佃，种什么，怎么种都是佃户的事情，只要佃户能交租，地主便无权干涉佃农的生产活动。甚至有时候连更换佃户的权力都会丧失。所以他们对改进农业技术是毫不关心的，主要把精力放在如何对付佃户，要他们准时足量的交租上了。
“相比之下，经营地主有点现代农业资本家的味道了。他们雇用长工短工劳作，支付工资报酬。有的自己甚至还是佃户，所以对通过土地获得高额利润有强烈的需求――因为不能简单的提高租子的方式来获取利润，就得向土地要更多的出产――他们对农业技术的需求更旺盛。”
“佃户？既然是佃户怎么还是地主。”
“呵呵，你不知道土改的时候还有个词汇就佃富农吧。其实这种人叫他地主是不合适的。他们是专业的土地经营者，一般是拥有大量资金或者专门的技术，向拥有地主直接佃种大面积的土地，通过种植附加值高的经济作物获利。”
“是这样啊。”万里辉点点头，有些惭愧，“我还是农民出身呢――”
“呵呵，你出身的农村社会早就不是这样的社会了。”吴南海说，“这个时空的广东、福建、江浙地区，正是经营型地主崛起的时代，不过他们以种植经济作物为主，单纯的种粮为主的经营型地主不多见。我们要扶持的就是他们。”
“经营性地主是很资本主义化的，”叶雨茗说，“是本时空先进生产力的代表吧。”
“所以我们的农业政策是：扶持经营地主，保护自耕农，排挤租佃地主，逐步使其他们消亡或者转化为经营地主。”
“佃户呢？消灭了租佃地主，佃户也就失去了生存空间，执委会又不打算搞土改，这部分人的土地怎么解决？租佃制下他们起码还有活路，把租佃地主都搞没了，他们不就连口苦饭都吃不到了吗？”
“临高荒地多，发种子、耕牛，帮助他们开荒，组织他们修水利……”
邬徳直接反对：“这样花了大力气下来只不过制造出了一批新的临高小自耕农而已，我们并不需要在这里扩大自耕农基层――对我们没用。”
“这样不错啊，小自耕农在保卫自己的土地和家园的时候会很拼命的。”
“工人阶级同样会很拼命，而且工人阶级一无所有，不会想着春天要回去播种，秋天要去收割。”邬徳开玩笑的说，“好吧，实际上在保卫家园上并不一定老百姓非得有五十亩地可以种――只要这个社会对你来说是富足、稳定和幸福的就好。”
“至于消化多余劳动力，解决的办法很多，最简单是由工业来解决。”邬徳继续说，“然后是农业本身，我们不需要农民，需要的是农业工人。除了少数作物之外，其他作物都在大面积的土地上进行集约化种植。”
文徳嗣咳嗽了一声，正要说话，只见农场的李荃托了个盘子，小心翼翼的进来了。这个当初跟着母亲被张兴教从苟家庄收容来的小女孩子，在农场将养了大半年之后，变成了个相当可爱的萝莉，梳着两条黑色的鞭子，穿着一件干净的薄绸衫子，大大的眼睛忽闪忽闪的。
“文首长请喝茶，”李荃甜甜的笑着说。她年龄小，可是穿越集团里的主要人物都挺熟悉的――这几位都是经常在农庄里出现的“大人物。”
“好，谢谢。”文徳嗣端起这瓷茶盏。小女孩子一笑，又把茶盏一一送到大家面前，大约平时很少能见到这么可爱的小女孩子，一众人贪婪的目光都落在她身上，把个小女孩在看得满脸通红。赶紧退了出去。
文徳嗣冷冷的“哼”了一声。
“李荃这孩子现在在国民学校读书，人很聪明，萧子山给她写了个推荐信，准备让她上军政学校……”吴南海看了看四周，鼓足勇气小声说。
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