伯夷列传
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夫学者载籍极博，犹考信于六艺；诗书虽缺，然虞、夏之文可知也。更多小说ltxs520.com尧将逊位，让于虞舜，舜、禹之间，岳牧咸荐，乃试之于位。典职数十年，功用既兴，然后授政。示天下重器，王者大统，传天下若斯之难也。而说者曰：“尧让天下于许由，许由不受，耻之逃隐。及夏之时，有卞随、务光者。”何以称焉？太史公曰：余登箕山，其上盖有许由冢云。孔子序列古之仁圣贤人，如吴太伯、伯夷之伦，详矣。余以所闻，由光义至高，其文辞不少概见，何哉？
孔子曰：“伯夷、叔齐，不念旧恶，怨是用希。”“求仁得仁，又何怨乎？”余悲伯夷之意，睹轶诗，可异焉。其传曰：“伯夷、叔齐，孤竹君之二子也。父欲立叔齐。及父卒，叔齐让伯夷。伯夷曰：『父命也。』遂逃去。叔齐亦不肯立而逃之。国人立其中子。于是伯夷、叔齐闻西伯昌善养老，『盍往归焉！』及至，西伯卒，武王载木主，号为文王，东伐纣。伯夷、叔齐叩马而谏曰：『父死不葬，爰及干戈，可谓孝乎？以臣弑君，可谓仁乎？』左右欲兵之。太公曰：『此义人也。』扶而去之。武王已平殷乱，天下宗周；而伯夷、叔齐耻之，义不食周粟，隐于首阳山，采薇而食之。及饿且死，作歌，其辞曰：『登彼西山兮，采其薇矣！以暴易暴兮，不知其非矣！神农、虞、夏，忽焉没兮；我安适归矣？于嗟徂兮，命之衰矣！』遂饿死于首阳山。”由此观之，怨邪非邪？
或曰：“天道无亲，常与善人。”若伯夷、叔齐，可谓善人者非邪？积仁絜行，如此而饿死。且七十子之徒，仲尼独荐颜渊为好学；然回也屡空，糟糠不厌，而卒蚤夭。天之报施善人，其何如哉？盗跖日杀不辜，肝人之肉，暴戾恣睢，聚党数千人，横行天下，竟以寿终，是遵何德哉？此其尤大彰明较著者也。若至近世，操行不轨，专犯忌讳，而终身逸乐，富厚累世不绝。或择地而蹈之，时然后出言，行不由径，非公正不发愤，而遇祸灾者，不可胜数也！余甚惑焉。傥所谓天道，是邪非邪？
子曰：“道不同，不相为谋。”亦各从其志也。故曰：“富贵如可求，虽执鞭之士，吾亦为之；如不可求，从吾所好。”“岁寒，然后知松柏之后凋。”举世混独，清士乃见。岂以其重若彼，其轻若此哉？“君子疾没世而名不称焉。”贾子曰：“贪夫徇财，烈士徇名，夸者死权，众庶冯生。”“同明相照，同类相求。云从龙，风从虎。圣人作而万物睹。”伯夷、叔齐虽贤，得夫子而名益彰；颜渊虽笃学，附骥尾而行益显。岩穴之士，趋舍有时若此，类名堙灭而不称，悲夫！闾巷之人，欲砥行立名者，非附青云之士，恶能施于后世哉！
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